Effects of Nitrogen Application on Yield, Nitrogen Utilization and Accumulation of Soil Inorganic Nitrogen of Rice
扫码查看
点击上方二维码区域，可以放大扫码查看
原文链接
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据
通过田间试验研究了不同施氮量(0、60、120、180和240 kg hm-2)对水稻氮肥利用、产量、土壤氮素供应及氮素平衡的影响,结果表明,水稻产量随施氮量的增加呈先增后降的趋势,当施氮量超过180 kg hm-2后产量下降,根据水稻产量(y)和施氮量(x)拟合,得出最佳施氮量为204 kg hm-2.施用氮肥可显著增加水稻氮吸收总量,并随施氮量的增加显著增加,当施氮量超过180 kg hm-2后,氮吸收总量不再显著增加.氮肥当季回收率、农学利用率、偏生产力和生理利用率均随施氮量的增加而下降,分别由44.0％、25.5 kg kg-1、145.6 kg kg 1和58.1 kg kg-1下降至31.1％、13.6 kg kg-1、43.6 kg kg 1和43.7 kg kg-1.氮收获指数表现为随施氮量的增加先增后降,以施氮量180kghm-2处理最高,为68.7％.土壤无机氮(Nmin)含量在水稻整个生育期呈现先快速下降后缓慢升高的趋势,施氮处理各层土壤Nmin积累量与不施氮处理差异均达显著水平(P＜0.05),且基本随着施氮量的增加而增加.水稻成熟期土壤残留Nmin量和表观损失均随施氮量的增加而增加.氮盈余主要以土壤Nmin残留量为主,表观损失在氮盈余比例较小,但随着施氮量的增加显著增加.水稻氮吸收量、土壤无机氮残留量和氮素表观损失量与施氮量呈显著的正向相关性.在本试验条件下,综合水稻产量、氮肥利用效率和土壤无机氮积累等方面的因素,在吉林省水稻主产区,适宜施氮量应控制在180 ～ 204 kg hm-2范围内.
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen (N) application rate (0,60,120,180 and 240 kg hm-2) on N utilization,yield,soil N supply and N balance of rice.Results showed that the yield of rice increased at first and decreased later with the increasing of N application rate,and decreased when N application rates exceeded 180 kg hm-2.The optimal N application rate was 204 kg hm-2 according to the fitting between rice yield (y) and N application rates (x).The total N uptake of rice increased significantly with the increase of N fertilizer application,but it was not significantly increased when N application rates exceeded 180 kg hm-2.N recovery efficiency in season decreased from 44.0％ to 31.1％,agronomic efficiency from 25.5 kg kg-1 to 13.6 kg kg-1,partial factor productivity from 145.6 kg kg-1 to 43.6kg kg-1,and physiological use efficiency from 58.1 kg kg-1 to 43.7 kg kg-1 with the increasing of N application rate.N harvest index increased at first and decreased later with the increase of N fertilizer application,and it was the highest value of 68.7％ under N application rate of 180 kg hm-2.The content of soil inorganic N (Nmin) decreased quickly at first and then increased slowly during the whole rice growth stage.Nmin accumulation in each layer soil had significant difference between N application and CK treatments (P ＜ 0.05),and improved with the increase of N fertilizer application.Soil Nmin residue and apparent N losses increased with the increase of N fertilizer application during the mature period of rice.Major Nmin residue and lesser proportionally apparent loss occurred in surplus N,but apparent loss increased significantly with the increase of N fertilizer application.N fertilizer application was significantly positively correlated with N absorption,soil inorganic N residue and apparent N loss of rice.Integrated the factors such as rice yield,N use efficiency and soil inorganic N accumulation,the optimum N application rate was ranged from 180 kg hm-2 to 204 kg hm-2 in the main rice production region of Jilin Province.
Nitrogen application rateRice yieldNitrogen use efficiencyNitrogen balance
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据
