[目的]比较不同炭化条件制备的油茶果壳生物质炭的理化性质，为生物质炭的制取和应用提供参考依据。[方法]在不同炭化温度(T:400℃、500℃和600℃)、恒温时间(t:2h、4h和6h)和升温速率(v:150℃h-1)条件下将油茶果壳制成了9种生物质炭，借鉴材料科学的方法，研究其热失重特征、形貌结构、表面官能团种类和有机组分含量等内容。[结果]随着炭化温度的升高，纤维素、半纤维素和木质素组分相继分解，600℃以后进入热失重稳定阶段。400℃ →600℃升温炭化过程中，油茶果壳生物质炭的氮气吸附-脱附等温线由Ⅳ型转为Ⅲ型;400℃时，中孔丰富，总孔容积0。00309～0。00351 cm g-1;500℃和600℃时，大孔丰富，平均总孔容积分别为0。00352 cm g-1和0。00390 cm g-1。随着炭化温度的升高和恒温时间的延长，C=O和C-O-C消失，-OH、—CH2、C=C、C=O、o-H和Si-O-Si的伸缩振动峰逐渐缩窄;同时由于C=O、-OH、C-O-C等基团的逐渐分解或重组导致油茶果壳生物质炭中H、O元素减少，C元素富集，H/C、O/C和(N+O)/C也明显降低。[结论]油茶果壳炭化过程是芳香性增强，亲水性和极性减弱的富C脱挥发分过程。炭化温度是影响油茶果壳生物质炭C、H、O、N元素含量、微观特征、氮气吸附-脱附等温线构型的主要因素，而恒温时间是影响油茶果壳生物质炭孔径分布的主要因素。其中，T400t4V150处理的微孔、中孔和大孔结构在体系中大量分布，尤其是中孔结构最为丰富且孔径分布范围更窄。
Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Camellia Oleifera Shell Biochar Prepared under Different Carbonization Conditions
[Objective]A comparative analysis of the physicochemical properties of camellia oleifera shell biochar prepared under different carbonization conditions was carried out to provide a reference basis for the production and application of biochar.[Method]Nine types of biochar were made from camellia oleifera shell at different carbonization temperatures(T:400℃,500℃ and 600℃),constant temperatures(t:2 h,4 h and 6 h)and heating rate(v:150℃ h-1)to study their heat loss characteristics,morphological structure,surface functional group species and organic component content,drawing on material science methods.[Result]With the increase of carbonization temperature,the cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin components were decomposed successively,and the thermal weight loss stabilization stage was entered after 600℃.400℃ → 600℃ during the warming up charring process,the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of camellia oleifera shell biochar was changed from type Ⅳ to type Ⅲ.The mesopores were abundant at 400 ℃,and the total pore volume was 0.00309-0.00351 cm g-1.The macropores were abundant at 500℃ and 600℃,and the average total pore volumes were 0.00352 cm g-1 and 0.00390 cm g-1.The-CH2,C=C,C=O,O-H and Si-O-Si stretching vibrational peaks were gradually narrowed.Meanwhile,the gradual decomposition or reorganisation of C=O,-OH and C-O-C groups leads to the reduction of H and O elements and the enrichment of C elements in the camellia oleifera shell biochar,and the H/C,O/C and(N+O)/C were also significantly reduced.[Conclusion]The charring process of camellia oleifera shell is a C-rich devolatilisation process with enhanced aromaticity and reduced hydrophilicity and polarity.The charring temperature is the main factor affecting the C,H,O and N elemental contents,microscopic characteristics and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm configuration of camellia oleifera shell biochar,while the constant temperature time is the main factor affecting the pore size distribution of oil tea fruit shell biochar.Among them,the micro-,meso-and macropore structures of the T400t6 V150 treatment are abundantly distributed in the system,the mesoporous structure is the most abundant and the pore size distribution is narrow.
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