沼液长期施用对白三叶草地土壤环境质量的影响
Effects of Long-term Application of Biogas Slurry on Soil Environmental Quality of Trifolium repens L.
习彦花 1程辉彩 1刘敬 2林勇 3吴健 2杨玲 2王馨芝2
作者信息
- 1. 河北省科学院 生物研究所,河北 石家庄 050081
- 2. 河北省科学院 生物研究所,河北 石家庄 050081;河北科技大学 食品与生物学院,河北 石家庄 050018
- 3. 河北省科学院 生物研究所,河北 石家庄 050081;河北工程大学 园林与生态工程学院,河北 邯郸 056038
- 折叠
摘要
[目的]以白三叶草地土壤为研究对象,探究长期连续施用源于青霉素菌渣的沼液对土壤环境质量的影响.[方法]基于 5年的田间定位试验,测定连续施用沼液对白三叶草地土壤pH、电导率、土壤肥力、酶活性和微生物群落的变化,评估其对土壤的潜在重金属污染和抗生素残留风险.[结果]连续 5年施用沼液的土壤肥力显著提高,有机质、氨态氮、硝态氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别增加了 19.95%、4.18%、39.57%、8.66%和 20.17%,亦可有效改善土壤pH和电导率.未检测到青霉素G的残留,亦未引起三叶草土壤重金属超标,反而显著降低了铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、汞(Hg)的含量.此外,显著增加了土壤可培养细菌、放线菌和真菌数量,对土壤细菌物种的α多样性无显著影响,但显著增加了放线菌门丰度.土壤pH和EC是引起土壤微生物群落多样性变化最主要的环境因子.[结论]在草地土壤中连续 5年施用源于抗生素菌渣的沼液,可显著提高白三叶草根际土壤肥力,有效减缓土壤碱化,改善微生态环境质量,并未引起土壤中的抗生素残留及重金属安全问题.该结果可为抗生素菌渣厌氧消化工艺处理后沼液的安全还田提供数据支持.
Abstract
[Objective]The aim was to explore the impact of long-term continuous application of biogas slurry(BS)derived from penicillin residues on soil environmental quality.[Method]The grassland soil planted by Trifollium repens L.was taken as the research object in this study.A 5-year field experiment with the indices of soil properties,soil nutrients,soil enzyme activities,soil microbial activities,soil heavy metals and antibiotic residues were determined.[Result]The soil fertility significantly improved after applying biogas slurry for 5 consecutive years.The organic matter,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium contents increased by 19.95%,4.18%,39.57%,8.66%and 20.17%,respectively.The soil pH was improved and the electrical conductivity(EC)was increased.Nevertheless,the penicillin residue was not found in soil,and the heavy metals did not exceed the standard in the soil of clover root zone.However,the contents of Pb,Cr and Hg were significantly reduced.In addition,soil microbial communities were affected by BS application,showing it would significantly increase the total number of soil culturable microorganisms.Actinobacteria,proteobacteria and acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phylum across all soil samples.The BS continuous application resulted in a relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased by more than 10%.The results also indicated that pH and EC were the two main factors affecting soil microbial activity and community.[Conclusion]The results suggested that the replacement of chemical fertilizer with BS might be an alternative management practice for improving soil fertility and nutrient balance in grassland soil.It would not lead to the safety problems of antibiotic residues and heavy metals in the soil.These results could provide some data support for the safe return of biogas slurry after anaerobic digestion of antibiotic residue.
关键词
沼液/草地土壤/肥力特征/重金属/环境质量Key words
Biogas slurry/Grassland soil/Fertility characteristics/Heavy metal/Environmental quality引用本文复制引用
基金项目
河北省重点研发项目(22373803D)
河北省科学院高层次人才培养与资助项目(2021G01)
河北省科学院重点研发项目(22302)
河北省科学院重点研发项目(23302)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据