[目的]明确生物炭基肥提升盐渍型水稻土养分供应的效果，探讨其在滨海盐渍型稻作区的适用性，以期为施用生物炭基肥保障滨海盐渍型水稻田的高产稳产提供参考。[方法]以"盐丰47"为供试水稻品种，在辽河口滨海盐渍型稻区开展连续3年的水稻栽培田间试验，设置不施氮肥(PK，施入P2O5 90 kg hm-2、K2O75 kg hm-2)、常规施肥(NPK，施入N 270kg hm-2、P2O5 90 kg hm-2、K2O 75 kg hm-2)、生物炭基肥(BF，与NPK处理等养分量)3个施肥处理，分析施用生物炭基肥对盐渍型水稻土肥力特性、水稻植株氮素累积量及产量的影响。[结果]与常规施肥相比，连续3年施用生物炭基肥对土壤容重、孔隙度、pH及速效钾的影响不明显，但使土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷的含量分别显著提升了 22。88％、17。76％和39。50％，土壤酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的活性也显著提高;BF处理水稻有效穗数、穗粒数和结实率均有提高，尤其是水稻产量比NPK处理提高了 6。92％(P＜0。05)，肥料氮素利用效率由42。58％提高到53。56％(P＜0。01)。[结论]在滨海盐渍型稻田施用生物炭基肥，有利于提高土壤有效养分和酶活性，进而促进水稻增产，是实现滨海盐渍型稻田可持续高产稳产的有效措施。
Effects of Applying the Biochar-Based Fertilizer on the Fertility of Saline Paddy Soil and Rice Yield
[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the effects of biochar-based fertilizer on improving nutrient supply in saline paddy soil and explore its applicability in coastal saline rice production areas,with the ultimate goal of ensuring high and stable rice yields in coastal saline fields through the application of the biochar-based fertilizer.[Methods]Three-year continuous field experiments were conducted in the coastal saline paddy field in the Liaohe River Estuary,using"Yanfeng 47"as the test rice variety.Three fertilization treatments were set up:no nitrogen fertilizer(PK,applied P2O5 90 kg hm-2 and K2O 75 kg hm2),conventional chemical fertilizers(NPK,applied N 270 kg hm 2,P2O5 90 kg hm2,and K2O 75 kg hm 2),and the biochar-based fertilizer(BF,with equivalent nutrient levels as the NPK treatment).The effects of application of the biochar-based fertilizer on fertility of saline paddy soil,nitrogen accumulation of plant and rice yield were analyzed.[Results]Compared with conventional chemical fertilization,continuous application of the biochar-based fertilizer for three years had no significant effect on soil bulk density,porosity,pH,and available potassium of paddy soil.However,soil organic matter,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,and available phosphorus contents significantly increased by 22.88％,17.76％,and 39.50％,respectively.Additionally,soil acid phosphatase,invertase,and catalase activities were significantly higher in the BF treatment than in the NPK treatment.Application of the biochar-based fertilizer led to an increase in the number of effective panicles,grains per panicle,and seed setting rate of rice.Notably,rice yield of the BF treatment was enhanced by 6.92％compared to the NPK treatment(P＜0.05),and the nitrogen use efficiency of fertilizer increased from 42.58％to 53.56％(P＜0.01).[Conclusion]Applying the biochar-based fertilizer in coastal saline paddy field is beneficial for improving soil available nutrients and soil enzyme activities,thereby promoting rice yield increase.It is an effective measure to achieve sustainably high and stable rice yield of coastal saline paddy fields.
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