Effects of Long-term Straw Burying and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Soil Bacterial Community Characteristics
[Objective]In order to reveal the response mechanism of microbial community and ecological network to straw returning process in typical fluvo-aquic soil,we experimented with different straw-returning treatments under long-term wheat-maize rotation.[Method]The high-throughput sequencing and ecological network methods were utilized to analyze the soil bacterial community composition,bacterial network co-occurrence and their relationships with soil nutrient concentrations.[Result]The results indicated that compared to straw removal and no nitrogen fertilizer treatment,straw returning with conventional fertilization treatments significantly reduced soil pH,while increasing the content of TN,SOC,AP,AK and NO 3--N(P<0.05).The treatments of straw burying with nitrogen fertilizers were beneficial for increasing soil nutrient content.Moreover,no significant difference in bacterial alpha diversity was observed between different straw-returning methods and different amounts of nitrogen fertilizers,but a significant difference was observed in bacterial community structure.Factors such as pH,SOC,and TN drove variations in bacterial community structure.Also,Acidobacteriota,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidota and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla in the fluvo-aquic soil.Furthermore,co-occurrence network analysis revealed four main ecological clusters that were significantly correlated with soil nutrients.The abundances of taxa in module 1 were found to be inversely correlated with SOC,TN,TP,NO 3--N,AP and AK(P<0.001),and positively correlated with pH(P<0.001).Conversely,the abundances of taxa in module 2 and module 3 were significantly positively correlated with most nutrient content,and negatively related to pH.[Conclusion]Therefore,it can be concluded that straw burying combined with nitrogen fertilizers can improve soil nutrient by regulating ecological relationships of microorganisms.The findings of this study can provide a scientific basis for the efficient utilization of straw and the efficient management of soil fertilization.
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