摘要
文章采用文献调研法和网络调查法获取英国开放科学政策,利用扎根理论对政策文本进行编码分析.研究发现:英国建立健全了由开放获取政策、开放研究政策、开放数据政策、开放同行评审政策、开放科学伦理与原则政策、开放科学基础设施政策、开放技术政策组成的开放科学政策体系;呈现出科研资助机构发挥突出作用和其他利益相关者广泛参与、约束研究行为和注重研究治理、支持开放合作与创新以及激励公众参与科学研究、重视开放科学伦理与原则和保障开放数据权利等特征;我国可借鉴英国成功经验,建立健全开放科学政策体系,加强开放科学标准规范建设,制定开放科学伦理与行为准则.
Abstract
In this paper,open science policies in the UK,obtained through literature review and online survey,are coded based on grounded theory.The study shows that the UK has established a sound open science policy system,consisting of open access policy,open research policy,open data policy,open peer review policy,open science ethics and principles policy,open science infrastructure policy,and open technology policy.The system is characterised by a prominent role for research funding bodies and broad involvement of other stakeholders,constraints on research behavior and emphasis on research governance,support for open collaboration and innovation,incentives for public participation in scientific research,a focus on open science ethics and principles,and the protection of open data rights.Drawing on the UK's successful experience,China can establish and improve its open science policy system,strengthen the development of standards and norms,and formulate the ethics and codes of conduct for open science.
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