《"区域"内矿物资源开发规章》草案试采条款要求下的应对建议

Response suggestions under the requirements of the test mining clause of the Regulations on the Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the Area

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中文摘要：《"区域"内矿物资源开发规章》正在协商中,环境保护与保全已成为各方谈判的焦点.2019年,德国提交给国际海底管理局的一项书面意见中建议增加试采的条款,要求承包者在商业性采矿前进行试采.试采作为勘探阶段向开发阶段的过渡期间需求,对采矿技术、经济性和环境影响评估均起到验证性作用.相较来说,我国在深海采矿进程中紧随西方发达国家之后,但技术成熟性较弱.积极应对试采要求,在试采中验证经济性、技术性和环境影响,跨过环境门槛,成为第一批进入商业深海采矿的承包者对我国至关重要.为此,我国需要大力发展深海采矿关键技术、加强深海环境科学研究、参与环境规则的制定,实现深海矿产资源开发与环境保护的平衡.

外文摘要：The Regulations on the Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the Area are under negotiation focusing the environmental protection and preservation.In 2019,in a written submission to the International Seabed Authority,Germany proposed the addition of a test mining clause requiring contractors to conduct test mining prior to commer-cial mining.As the demand during the transition from exploration stage to exploitation stage,test mining plays a validating role in mining technology,economy and environmental impact assessment.However,though China fol-lows the western developed countries in the process of deep-sea mining,it's technical maturity is weak.It is impor-tant for China to actively respond to the requirements of test mining and verify the economic,technical and environ-mental impact in the test mining in order to cross the environmental threshold and become the first contractors ente-ring the commercial deep-sea mining.Thus,it is necessary for China to develop vigorously deep-sea key technolo-gies,strengthen deep-sea environmental scientific research,participate in the formulation of environmental rules,and achieve the balance between deep-sea mineral resources development and environmental protection.

外文关键词：

marine mineral resources and developmentinternational seabed areamarine mineral resourcede-velopment regulationtest miningdeep sea environmental protection

作者：

韩录维、王春生、张丹

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作者单位：

北京先驱高技术开发有限责任公司,北京 100089

自然资源部海洋生态系统动力学重点实验室、自然资源部第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州 310012

自然资源部海洋发展战略研究所,北京 100860

关键词：

海洋矿产资源及开发国际海底区域海洋矿产资源开发规章试采深海环境保护

基金：

国家重点研发计划西太多金属结核勘探项目

项目编号：

2021YFC2800500121166202001

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-4972.20230701001

应用海洋学学报

国家海洋局第三海洋研究所中国海洋学会福建省海洋学会

应用海洋学学报

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.526

ISSN：2095-4972

年,卷(期)：2024.43(3)