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高水平男子400米个人混合泳运动员分段成绩的特征研究

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400米个人混合泳是一项周期性体能项目,出色的游泳技术及合理的体能分配是运动员们在世界大赛中夺冠的关键.本文采用数理统计法对近五届世界游泳大赛上男子400米个人混合泳各分段成绩进行分析,以期探索各分段之间的关系,比较奖牌运动员与非奖牌运动员在竞赛分段成绩之间的差异,研究各分段成绩的特征及规律,为相关学者、教练们、运动员们提供实证参考.研究结果表明:①男子400米个人混合泳分段成绩与总成绩的高相关阶段为:蝶泳第2分段、100米蛙泳分段、100米蝶泳分段、仰泳第3分段、蛙泳第5分段、100米仰泳分段、蛙泳第6分段、自由泳第7分段、蝶泳第1分段、仰泳第4分段;②奖牌组与非奖牌组在各分段之间存在不同的程度的差异(P小于0.05),蛙泳阶段、自由泳阶段是男子400米个人混合泳运动员体能分配的关键阶段;③男子400米个人混合泳游进的策略为:蝶泳阶段负分游、仰泳阶段正分游、蛙泳阶段负分游、自由游阶段正分游,蝶泳阶段转仰泳阶段负分游,仰泳转蛙泳负分游,蛙泳转自由泳阶段正分游.
A Study on the Segmented Performance Characteristics of High-Level Men's 400m Medley Swimmers
The 400m individual medley swimming is a periodized endurance event,and excellent swimming technique and reasonable physical allocation are the keys for athletes to win the world major competitions.This study uses mathematical statistics to analyze the results of men's 400m individual medley in the last five World Swimming Championships,in order to explore the relationship between the segments,to compare the differences between medalists and non-medalists in the competition segments,and to study the characteristics and patterns of the results of the segments,so as to provide reference for relevant scholars,coaches and athletes in the empirical aspect.The study showed that(a)the high correlation stages between the segment results of men's 400 m individual medley and the total results were:butterfly segment 2,100m breaststroke segment,100m butterfly segment,backstroke segment 3,breaststroke segment 5,100 m backstroke segment,breaststroke segment 6,freestyle segment 7,butterfly segment 1 and backstroke segment 4;(b)there were different degrees of differences(P=0.01)in the segment results of medalists and non-medalists;(c)there were different degrees of differences(P=0.00)in the segment results of medals and non-medalists.There are different degrees of differences(P less than 0.05),the breaststroke stage and freestyle stage are the key stages of physical energy distribution for the men's 400m individual medley swimmers;(d)The strategies of the men's 400m individual medley swimming are:negative split swimming in the butterfly stage,positive split swimming in the backstroke stage,negative split swimming in the breaststroke stage,positive split swimming in the freestyle stage,negative split swimming in the butterfly stage to backstroke stage,negative split swimming in the backstroke to breaststroke stage breaststroke to freestyle with positive splits.

men's 400m medley swimmingsegmented performancecorrelation analysiscoefficient of variation

陈海雄、向军

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广东体育职业技术学院,广东广州 510633

肇庆学院体育与健康学院,广东肇庆 526061

男子400米个人混合泳 分段成绩 相关分析 变异系数

2023年度广东省教育科学规划课题粤港澳大湾区高校在线开放课程2023年教育教学研究和改革项目广东体育职业技术学院校级科研平台"休闲潜水"产教融合创新平台项目广东体育职业技术学院2022年校级科研项目

2023GXJK528WGKM20231602022KYPT2012022KYRW020

2024

10.19379/j.cnki.issn.1005-0256.2024.02.011

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国家体育总局体育信息中心

体育科技文献通报

影响因子：0.329
ISSN：1005-0256
年,卷(期)：2024.32(2)
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