摘要
本文采用文献资料法、录像观察法、三段指标评估法、数理统计法等研究方法,对2022 年第56 届世乒赛男团决赛马龙对阵邱党的发抢段、接抢段、相持段的技战术特征进行对比分析.结果显示:(1)在发抢段,马龙的得分率为89.5%,评估为优秀;邱党的得分率为58.8%,评估为不及格.马龙的发球以高抛正手发下旋球为主,落点主要以正手短球为主;邱党的发球以高抛正手发下旋球为主,落点主要以反手短球为主.(2)在接抢段,马龙的得分率为60%,评估为优秀;邱党的得分率为32%,评估为及格.马龙的接发球以控制性技术为主,主要使用正手摆短技术,控制对手起板;邱党的接发球主要使用反手拧拉,抢攻意识强.(3)在相持段,马龙的得分率为38.5%,评估为不及格;邱党的得分率为35.7%,评估为不及格.该段马龙主要以正手拉攻为主,但回球线路较单一,导致得分率较低;邱党主要使用反手拉攻技术,由于过度依赖反手,导致其得分率较低.建议:(1)在发抢段,马龙应力争主动,抢先进攻,压制对方;邱党应增加发球落点的变化,充分发挥自己反手强的特点,积极抢攻.(2)在接抢段,马龙应注意控制回球落点,抑制对手反手位进攻;邱党需增强对正手短球的处理能力和控制性技术的能力.(3)在相持段,马龙应减少自己的失误;邱党应提升正反手相互转换的能力.
Abstract
This study utilizes literature research method,video analysis,a three-phase indicator system,and statistical analysis to conduct a comparative analysis of the technical and tactical characteristics observed during the serve-attack,receive-attack,and rally phases in the men's team final of the 56th World Table Tennis Championships in 2022.The findings are as follows:(1)In the serve-attack phase,Ma Long achieved a scoring rate of 89.5%,which is rated as excellent.He predominantly employed a high-toss forehand serve with backspin,targeting short balls to the forehand side.In contrast,Qiu Dang also used a high-toss forehand serve with backspin but aimed primarily at short balls to the backhand side.(2)In the receive-attack phase,Ma Long's scoring rate was 60%,also rated as excellent.His receive strategy mainly focused on control,using the forehand short push to neutralize the opponent's opening attack.He frequently employed a backhand flick to return serves,displaying a strong offensive mindset.(3)In the rally phase,Ma Long's scoring rate dropped to 38.5%,which is considered below average.His rally strategy mainly relied on forehand loops,but his shot placement was predictable,resulting in a lower scoring rate.Additionally,his over-reliance on backhand loops contributed to the reduced effectiveness in this phase.
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