目的:探讨爆发力训练与抗阻训练对老年人身体功能的影响,为提高老年人身体功能水平提供参考依据.方法:通过中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学数据库(CBM)以及PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Ebsco/CINAHL、Ebsco/SPORTDiscus、Wiley/Cochrane Library、Scopus 等数据库系统检索爆发力训练与抗阻训练对老年人影响的随机对照试验研究文献,检索时间设定为建库至2023年12月.由2名研究员依据Cochrane手册5.1.0对检索的文献进行筛选、质量评价和数据提取,共14项研究包括425名受试者被纳入研究,使用RevMan5.4软件对实验组与对照组干预前后效应量分别进行差值计算后再进行Meta分析,并采用漏斗图与Egger's检验对分析结果进行偏倚检测.结果:爆发力训练对肌肉力量(SMD=1.67,95％CI:0.91～2.43,P＜0.000 1)、一般身体活动测试(SMD=1.09,95％CI:0.89～1.30;P＜0.000 01)、要求速度的活动测试(SMD=-1.11,95％CI:-1.98～-0.23,P=0.01)都有显著的统计学意义.结论:与抗阻训练相比,爆发力训练对老年人身体功能的干预效果更有效.
Effects of Power Training and Resistance Training on Physical Function in Older Adults:A Meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE:This study aims to investigate the effects of power training and resistance training on the physical functions in older adults and provide a reference for improving their physical function levels.METHODS:A search for randomized controlled trials examining the effects of power training and resistance training on older adults was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Biological Medicine Database(CBM),PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Ebsco/CINAHL,Ebsco/SPORTDiscus,Wiley/Cochrane Library,and Scopus databases from their inception to December 2023.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening,quality assessment,and data extraction according to the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0.A total of 14 studies involving 425 participants were included in the meta-analysis.RevMan 5.4 software was used to separately calculate the effect sizes of the experimental group and the control group before and after intervention by computing the mean differences.A meta-analysis was then performed,and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test.RESULTS:Power training demonstrated statistically significant effects on muscle strength(SMD=1.67,95％CI:0.91-2.43,P＜0.0001),general physical activity test(SMD=1.09,95％CI:0.89-1.30,P＜0.00001),and activities requiring speed(SMD=-1.11,95％CI:-1.98 to-0.23,P=0.01).CONCLUSION:Compared to resistance training,power training has a more effective intervention effect on the physical function of older adults.
power trainingresistance trainingolder adultsphysical functionmeta-analysis
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