Risk Factors and Nursing Measures of Aspiration in Patients with Dysphagia in Neurosurgery NICU
Objective To investigate the risk factors and nursing measures of aspiration in patients with dysphagia in neurosurgical NICU.Methods From January 2019 to June 2023,132 patients with dysphagia in the NICU of the Neurosurgery Department of Taixing People's Hospital were selected as the research subjects.All patients were evaluated for aspiration risk using Saito's 7-level evaluation method for dysphagia.The grades were divided into observation group(Grades Ⅰto Ⅲ,n=62 cases)and control group(Grades Ⅳ to Ⅵ,n=70 cases).Single-fac-tor and multi-factor Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the main observation data to obtain possible risk factors that affect the occurrence of aspiration.Results Univariate analysis showed that the proportion of pa-tients with grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ disease,GCS score,whether the swallowing center was impaired,whether the establish-ment of artificial airway,the artificial airway was retained for 7 days,the swallowing function score was 24 points,compliance score of feeding position,the highest grade of accessible food consistency,tachycardia,and sepsis all have a greater impact on aspiration in patients with dysphagia in the neurosurgery NICU,the difference was sig-nificant(P＜0.05);multifactor Logistic regression analysis showed that damage to the swallowing center was(OR=1.213),the swallowing function score was 24 points(OR=1.030),the artificial airway was retained for 7 days(OR=2.093),and tachycardia(OR=7.547)were independent risk factors for aspiration in patients with dys-phagia in neurosurgical NICU.Conclusion The dysphagia patients in NICU of neurosurgery department have the following independent risk factors:impaired swallowing center,the swallowing function score was 24 points,the artificial airway retention time was 7 days and tachycardia.In order to reduce the incidence of aspiration,nursing staff should strengthen the nursing management and standardize the nursing operation for the key popula-tion with independent high risk factors in the nursing process.
万方数据
维普
