Clinical and pathological analysis of common digestive tract infection in AIDS patients
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and histopathology of several common digestive tract infections in patients with HIV/AIDS,aiming to enhance the understanding of gastrointestinal opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patients and better manage them.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 35 positive patholog-ical specimens from gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies of HIV/AIDS patients at Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,from Jan.2019 to Nov.2021.Methods including HE staining,special histochemical staining,in situ hy-bridization,and immunohistochemistry were employed to identify the causes of gastrointestinal diseases in HIV/AIDS pa-tients.Literature review was conducted to discuss clinical symptoms,endoscopic manifestations,histopathological chan-ges and their relationships.Results Among HIV/AIDS patients,11 cases were positive for CMV in the gastrointestinal tract,clinically presenting with varying degrees of fever,fatigue,poor appetite,abdominal pain,and bloating,with low CD4+T lymphocyte counts(<200 cells/μL)and mild endoscopic and pathological mucosal lesions.Thirteen cases were positive for amoebic parasite infections,with main symptoms of fever,bloating and diarrhea,and low CD4+T lympho-cyte counts,showing severe endoscopic and pathological manifestations.Two cases had gastrointestinal MAI infection.Eight cases were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis,all located in the lower gastrointestinal tract.One case had HSV infection,presenting with varying degrees of erosion,ulceration,polyps and protrusions in the gastrointestinal mu-cosa.Conclusion Opportunistic gastrointestinal infections in late-stage HIV/AIDS patients are more severe and com-plex due to severely compromised immune function.Enhancing understanding of the clinical and pathological character-istics of gastrointestinal opportunistic infections can improve the diagnostic rate of pathogens,leading to timely and accu-rate diagnosis and treatment of patients.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
