Advances in the pathogenesis and stem cell therapy of perianal fistulizing in Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease(CD)is a chronic granulomatous disease related to autoimmune system diseases,also known as localized enteritis in clinical practice.Anal fistula is one of the common complications of CD,which is difficult to treat and easy to relapse.At present,the etiology is unknown,but the known pathogenesis includes EMT,matrix re-modeling enzymes,inflammatory factors,microbiota,genetic susceptibility and so on.Existing treatments for PFCD in-clude antibiotics,immunomodulatory/suppressive agents,biologics and surgery.As a kind of pluripotent stem cell,MSCs can differentiate into a variety of cell lineages.MSCs can migrate to the site of inflammation caused by tissue injury,release various growth factors such as HGF,FGF,KGF and VEGF to promote the repair of damaged tissues,increase the secretion of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10,inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-12,IL-17,reduce inflammatory response,and regulate the relative proportion of T cells by balancing the content of Th2 and T cells,so as to achieve the effect of regulating immunity.This article reviewed the pathogenesis of PFCD and the re-search progress of MSCs in the treatment of PFCD.
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