Research progress of exosomes participated in liver metastasis pathogenesis of color-ectal cancer
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide,with liver metastasis occurring in 60% of patients without effective treatment.Morbidity and mortality are high.Despite great advances in diagnostic and therapeu-tic techniques,survival rates for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRML)remain low.Exosomes have been widely studied as important mediators in cell-to-cell communication and have a very important impact on colorectal cancer at every step of the liver metastasis process.In this article,we summarized the mechanisms of different endophyll exosomes from different sources to influence the pathogenesis of CRML by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),regulating the extracellular matrix(ECM),increasing angiogenesis and vascular permeability,promoting pre-metastatic niche(PMN)formation,and participating in immunosuppression,in order to provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for future CRLM.
Colorectal cancer liver metastasisExosomeTumor microenvironmentEpithelial-mesenchymal transi-tionExtracellular matrixPre-metastatic nicheTumor associated macrophages
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