Changes of gastric microecological structure and diversity during gastric carcinogenesis
Objective To investigate the relationship between gastric microorganisms and gastric cancer by detecting these microorganisms in patients with gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.We also seek to identify potential microbi-ome biomarkers throughout the progression from superficial gastritis to gastric cancer.Methods A total of 14 patients with gastric cancer and 29 patients with gastric precancerous lesions were selected based on specific inclusion and exclu-sion criteria.The cohort included 8 cases of superficial gastritis,9 cases of atrophic gastritis,and 12 cases of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia.Gastric mucosal flora was analyzed using 16S rDNA gene high-throughput sequencing,and functional differences in the microbiota were predicted through PICRUSt.Results Analysis of OTU revealed significant differences in the number of optimized sequences between gastric cancer and precancerous lesion groups.Alpha diversity metrics indicated that both the Chao index and ACE index were significantly lower in gastric cancer patients compared to those with precancerous lesions(P＜0.05).However,beta-diversity analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups.LEfSe analysis demonstrated an increase in the abundance of Firmicutes and a decrease in Proteobacteria at the phylum level in the gastric cancer group.At the genus level,Lachnospirillum was more abundant in the gastric cancer group,while Corynebacteriales,Rhodocyclaceae and Cardiobacterium showed decreased abundance,with these differences being statistically significant(LDA＞2,P＜0.05).Furthermore,PICRUSt results indicated notable differ-ences in microbial metabolism between patients with gastric cancer and those with precancerous lesions,with genes relat-ed to glucose metabolism,amino acid metabolism,and nucleotide metabolism showing enrichment in the gastric cancer group.Conclusion The diversity and richness of gastric mucosal flora exhibited characteristic changes in patients with gastric cancer compared to those with precancerous lesions.Notably,at the phylum level,Firmicutes emerged as a dis-tinctive marker,while decreases in the abundance of Corynebacteriales,Rhodocyclaceae,Cardiobacterium,and other beneficial bacteria were observed in the gastric cancer group.These findings suggest that the onset of gastric cancer may be associated with a depletion of certain microbial taxa.Additionally,the differences in microbial metabolism further support the distinct profiles of flora between gastric cancer patients and those with precancerous lesions.
万方数据
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