A large quantity of Qin-dynasty clay seals were unearthed at the Xiangjiaxiang site in Xi'an,with many being found in ash pits.The contents of the inscriptions of these clay seals cover both central and local officials,with ash pit no.H3 yielding a particularly abundant and diverse collection.These seals provide rich and reliable material for academic research on the"Sangong Jiuqing Three Public Offices and Nine Ministers"system.Furthermore,they offer firsthand material for studying the administrative system,geographic divisions,sealing practices,evolution of scripts,and calligraphy art of the Qin and Han dynasties.