There are abundant prehistoric houses with diverse structures along the Tianshan Mountains.This paper focuses on the walls of these houses as the research subject.Based on the archaeological findings of deposits and house features,and combined with ethnological investigations,the walls of prehistoric houses in the Tianshan region can be classified into three major types:upright walls,felt walls,and pit walls.Upright walls are further divided into single and compound structures.Structures of each type of wall are discussed in detail,and their construction processes reconstructed.Finally,based on the summary of the entire text,the paper explores the relationship between walls and house construction methods,structures,scale,and function,as well as their connection with the modes of human living.