过度教育与劳动者离职倾向
Overeducation and Turnover Intention of Workers
尤亮 1李根丽2
作者信息
- 1. 山西财经大学国际贸易学院,山西太原 030006
- 2. 西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨凌 712100
- 折叠
摘要
过度教育与离职率高涨这两个看似矛盾的现象为何会并存发生,解答这一问题对提升劳动者就业质量和企业管理绩效具有重要意义.本文在理论分析过度教育影响劳动者离职倾向内在机制的基础上,以中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2015年微观调查数据为研究样本,运用有序Probit模型研究了过度教育对劳动者离职倾向的影响,并对其作用机制进行了实证检验.研究结果表明,过度教育显著增加劳动者的离职倾向,且该结论在考虑内生性问题以及一系列稳健性检验后依然成立.机制检验结果表明,过度教育会通过降低工作满意度和工作安全感来增加劳动者的离职倾向.进一步分析表明,过度教育未增加劳动者的在职培训机会和外部雇佣机会感知,其在劳动者职业发展中更可能是绊脚石而不是垫脚石.本文深化拓展了过度教育影响劳动者离职倾向的理论阐述机制,并为无边界职业生涯背景下的劳动者就业和企业人力资源管理提供了思考方向和经验证据.
Abstract
Along with the increasingly enhanced trend of the externalization of labor relations and employment"involution",the phenomena of overeducation and high turnover rate have become common in China's labor market.However,the reason why these two seemingly contradictory phenomena coexist has not been systematically studied and answered.This paper selects the interactions between overeducation at the same educational level and turnover intention as a predictive variable of workers'voluntary turnover behaviors as the research object,and theoretically analyzes the internal mechanism of the impact of overeducation on workers'turnover intention.And on this basis,it applies the micro survey data of Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)in 2015 and ordered Probit model to systematically study the impact and action mechanism of overeducation on workers'turnover intention.The results show that overeducation significantly strengthens workers'turnover intention,and this conclusion still holds even after considering endogenous problems and a series of robustness tests.The mechanism analysis indicates that overeducation can enhance workers'turnover intention by reducing both job satisfaction and job security.Further analysis shows that overeducation does not increase workers'on-the-job training opportunities and their perception of external employment opportunities,which is more likely to be a stumbling block rather than a stepping stone in workers'career development.This paper deepens and expands the theoretical elaboration mechanism of overeducation affecting workers'turnover intention,and provides the thinking direction and empirical evidence for workers'employment and enterprises human resource management in the context of borderless career.The marginal contributions of this paper are that:First,it constructs the theoretical analysis framework of the impact of overeducation on turnover intention,and systematically expounds the internal mechanism of overeducation affecting turnover intention in theory.Furthermore,it deeply discusses the intermediary role of job satisfaction and job security in this relation.Second,it uses the data of China's labor market to make a localization test on aforementioned relation,which enriches the literature and empirical evidence in this field.Third,it examines the stumbling block or stepping stone role of overeducation in the career development of workers from the perspectives of on-the-job training and external employment opportunity perception,opening the"black box"of the relationship between overeducation and turnover intention from multiple perspectives.
关键词
过度教育/离职倾向/工作满意度/工作安全感Key words
overeducation/turnover intention/job satisfaction/job security引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金(71903117)
出版年
2023
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据