The incidence of early-onset sepsis(EOS)in premature infants is high,characterized by insidious onset and rapid progression.To avoid the risk of severe complications,long-term use of empiric antibiotics is extremely common,leading to the emergence of drug-resistant strains and a significant increase in adverse outcomes among preterm neonates.The indications and course of antibiotic treatment for premature infants are not unified.In premature infants with negative bacterial culture results and stable clinical manifestations,empiric antibiotic therapy should be terminated in a timely manner.At present,there is significant difference in antibiotic treatment in neonatal intensive care unit,so it is necessary to formulate reasonable antibiotic management measures,including determining whether empirical antibiotic treatment is initiated according to EOS risk assessment,antibiotic selection and course of therapy.The delivery characteristics of premature infants provide an opportunity to identify children at lower risk for EOS,and may provide a basis for the decision to initiate or extend antibiotic therapy.This article summarized the current epidemiology and antibiotic application of EOS in premature infants,to provide reference for optimizing antibiotic management.
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