顾及供需服务水平分析城市生活服务设施的空间差异性,不仅需要探测设施空间分布特征,还需深入了解导致空间差异的原因.以武汉市江汉区为研究区,以菜市场为典型设施开展实例研究.通过构建顾及可达性的空间差异性指数(spatial disparity in accessibility of services,SDAS),判断生活设施服务的供给与需求差异,并在道路交通网络和居民收入水平基础上结合改进重力模型对SDAS进行优化.结果表明,江汉区大部分社区单元的供需差异水平较高,在王家墩中央商务区供需差异性明显.在传统模式、多方式交通网络和多模式3种情形下,社区周围生活服务设施的服务能力都对SDAS值有显著影响.在社区单元需求水平方面,只有多模式社区单元的需求水平与SDAS值呈显著负相关,且.多模式情形更能反映设施空间可达性与社区单元需求间的空间差异,结果更接近于真实情况.研究结果将为城区生活服务设施布局优化提供科学依据.
Analysis of Spatial Disparity Based on Supply and Demand Service Level of Life Service Facilities:A Case of Jianghan District in Wuhan City
Objectives:To analyze spatial disparities in urban living service facilities based on supply and de-mand service levels,we not only detect the spatial distribution characteristics of facilities,but also gain in-depth insights into the underlying causes of these differences.Methods:This paper specifically focuses on Jianghan district in Wuhan city and conducts a case study by using the food market as a representative facili-ty.The analysis involves constructing spatial disparity in accessibility of services(SDAS)index to assess the disparities between the supply and demand of life service facilities.Subsequently,SDAS is optimized by an improved gravity model based on the road traffic network and income levels of residents.Results:The results show that most community units in Jianghan district exhibit a high level of disparity between supply and demand,with notable differences observed in Wangjiadun central business district.The service capacity of life service facilities around communities significantly influences SDAS value under various con-ditions.The multi-mode case provides a more comprehensive reflection of the spatial differences between the facility accessibility and the needs of community units,offering a nuanced view of the actual situation.Conclusions:The results contribute to shaping city structure and facilitating optimal allocation of life ser-vice facility resources.It can provide scientific basis for layout optimization of public facilities in urban area.
living service facilitysupply and demandspatial disparityattainabilityimproved gravity model
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