Novel Magnetoelectric Catalytic Nanoparticles:RNS Release and Antibacterial Efficiency
Compared with antibiotics and other drugs with poor functionalities and risk to induce bacterial resistance,inorganic functional nanomaterials with catalytic activity occupy an increasingly important position in the treatment of pathogenic infections by advantages of high response to the infected microenvironment(e.g.weak acid,high H2O2 concentration)or external physical stimuli(e.g.laser,ultrasound)and broad-spectrum sterilization.However,the acidic infection microenvironment is weak and unstable,and light or sound signals with high power density will cause damage to human cells.In addition,antimicrobial applications of alternative magnetic field(AMF),a non-invasive signal type with high tissue penetration,convenience to be remotely controlled,and effective magnetoelectric catalysis based on AMF have not been reported.In this study,an AMF-responsive nanocatalytic strategy based on the magnetostrictive-piezoelectric catalytic effect was applied to antibacterial research,and the surface of CoFe2O4-BiFeO3 magnetoelectric nanoparticles(BCFO)was modified with the nitrogen-containing group L-arginine(LA)to achieve a magneto-electric responsive controlled release of powerful bactericide reactive nitrogen species(RNS).In AMF,BCFO simultaneously generates reactive oxygen species(ROS)hydroxyl radical(·OH)and superoxide anion(·O2-).The former reacts with LA to release nitric oxide(NO),and the latter combines with NO to produce peroxynitrite(ONOO-),a typical RNS.As a highly active nitrification and oxidation agent,ONOO-could exhibit stronger antibacterial activity than ROS under biofriendly AMF.Successful production of ONOO-and achievement of stronger bactericidal efficiency were validated in this study.This work not only applies magnetoelectric nanocatalysis for antibacterial purposes,but also significantly improves the antibacterial ability through the conversion of ROS to RNS.
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