Low-temperature synthesis of tetragonal BaTiO3 for piezocatalysis
BaTiO3 was synthesized at low-temperatures based on the starch gelatinization mechanism.The morphol-ogy and phase structure of as-synthesized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),trans-mission electron microscope(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR),UV visible(UV-Vis)absorption spectra,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The piezocatalytic performance of BaTiO3 was tested targeting a series of typical dyes for degradation.The results showed that tetragonal BaTiO3 powder was obtained at a calcination temperature of 600 ℃,and the crystallinity gradually increased with the increase in tem-perature.Cubic-like BaTiO3 with uniform size distribution was synthesized at a calcination temperature of 700 ℃;The degradation of rhodamine B(RhB),Congo red(CR),and methyl orange(MO)dyes by BaTiO3 all showed good performance,with reaction rate constants of 1.090×10-2,1.113×10-2,and 1.084×10-2 min-1,respectively.Further-more,the mechanism of piezocatalysis reveals that the hole(h+)and superoxide radicals(·O2-)are the main reactive species in the degradation process by targeting the degradation of CR.
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