Progress of liquid-phase preparation technology of zinc oxide nanoparticles
Zinc oxide nanoparticles are a kind of novel inorganic functional materials,which are widely used in various fields such as rubber,coating,and catalysis.The liquid-phase synthesis techniques for zinc oxide nanoparticles have the advantages of easy control of particle size and morphology,low economic cost and feasibility for industrial-scale production.A comprehen-sive review was conducted on liquid-phase methods for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles,including microemulsion,sol-gel,hydrothermal/solvothermal,and chemical precipitation methods.The basic principles and key influencing factors of each method were elucidated.The crucial role of process intensification techniques in the preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles were emphasized.Furthermore,a novel approach of"bubble-liquid film method"was introduced.This method involved the rapid mixing of surfactants with the reaction solution and air to create a nanoscale reaction environment with high bubble den-sity.The nucleated crystals grew within a liquid film of 10 to 100 nm between bubbles.By controlling the thickness of the liquid film between bubbles,the particle size of the product could be regulated,leading to uniform and non-agglomerated nanopar-ticles.This approach was expected to achieve low-cost,continuous,and large-scale production of zinc oxide nanoparticles.
zinc oxidenanoparticleliquid-phase methodpreparation techniquesbubble-liquid film method
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