Research progress of functionalization and modification of crown ether and its application in metal ion separation
As an important structure of supramolecular chemistry,macrocyclic compounds are widely used in the fields of biomedicine,environmental science and molecular materials science.As the first generation of macrocyclic compounds,crown ether is widely used in the separation of materials because of its unique ring structure,which can be complexed with metal ions to achieve selective recognition and separation of metal ions.The types of crown ethers and the mechanism of se-lective separation of metal ions were reviewed,and the surface imprinting principle of ion imprinted polymers was summa-rized.Since the external environmental stimulation could affect the ion imprinting state of crown ether,the ion imprinting re-sponse modification of crown ether in both light and magnetic aspects and its research progress on the adsorption properties of metal ions in adsorption materials and membrane materials were reviewed.The results showed that the selective adsorp-tion sites on the surface of the adsorption materials and the membrane materials were increased after the functional modifi-cation of the crown ether,and the surface activity of the complexation with the metal ions was increased,which was benefi-cial to the selective recognition and separation of the metal ions.Finally,the problems of cost,performance test and toxicity enrichment of crown ether in the future research were discussed,and the future research and development of crown ether was prospected,which provided a research direction for the application of crown ether to extract metal ions.
crown ethersurface imprintingselective recognition and separationmetal ion extraction
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