基于固-固反应机制锂硫电池的最新研究进展

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中文摘要：锂硫电池具有高的理论能量密度,且单质硫存在环境友好和价格低廉等优势,被认为是发展前景良好的储能器件.然而,硫在常规醚类电解液中进行充放电是基于固-液-固两相转换的反应机制,会生成溶解性较高的中间产物多硫化锂从而引发穿梭效应,导致活性物质不可逆流失和锂负极腐蚀.因此,发展不涉及液相多硫化锂溶解于电解液的固-固反应机制尤为重要.大量研究证明,通过优化正极材料设计、调控电解质体系及其协同设计等策略,可实现硫正极的固-固反应机制,避免多硫化锂溶解于电解液,从而提升锂硫电池的电化学性能.主要综述了硫正极实现固-固机制的可行途径并进行了机理探讨,最后对构筑高能量密度实用化锂硫电池的发展提出了展望,旨在解决贫电解液条件下锂负极腐蚀和硫正极基于固-固反应机制存在反应动力学缓慢的问题.

外文标题：Recent research progress of lithium-sulfur batteries based on solid-solid reaction mechanism

外文摘要：Lithium sulfur batteries are considered to be promising energy storage devices due to their high theoretical en-ergy density,as well as the advantages of environmental friendliness and low-cost of sulfur.However,sulfur cathodes usually react with lithium ions under solid-liquid-solid biphasic reaction mechanism in conventional ether-based electrolytes,which generates intermediate products of lithium polysulfides and leads to the irreversible loss of active materials and corrosion of lithium anodes.Hence,it is vital to develop sulfur cathodes operating on sold-solid reaction mechanism without dissolving of lithium polysulfides into electrolytes.At present,vast research revealed that the realization of sulfur cathodes based on solid-solid reaction mechanism could be achieved by rational design of cathode materials,regulating the electrolyte systems,or their synergistic design,which thus improved the electrochemical performance of lithium sulfur batteries.The strategies to-wards achieving solid-solid reaction mechanism of sulfur cathodes in recent years were summarized and the detailed mecha-nism was discussed.Finally,the development prospect of constructing practical lithium-sulfur batteries with high energy density was put forward,aiming at solving the problems of lithium anode corrosion under the condition of lean electrolyte and the sluggish reaction kinetics based on the solid-solid reaction mechanism of sulfur cathode.

外文关键词：

lithium sulfur batteriescathode materials designelectrolytes modificationsolid-solid reaction mechanism

作者：

陈雪、欧阳全胜、邵姣婧

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作者单位：

贵州轻工职业技术学院先进电池与材料工程研究中心,贵州贵阳 561113

废旧动力电池梯次利用及资源化省级协同创新中心,贵州贵阳 561113

贵州省普通高等学校石墨烯材料工程研究中心,贵州贵阳 561113

贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵州贵阳 550025

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关键词：

锂硫电池正极材料设计电解液调控固-固反应机制

基金：

贵州轻工职业技术学院自然科学研究项目贵州省科学技术基金资助项目贵州省科学技术基金资助项目贵州省科学技术基金资助项目

项目编号：

23QY01黔科合基础-ZK[2024]一般608黔科合基础-[2018]1086黔科合平台人才-CXTD[2023]016

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0059

无机盐工业

中海油天津化工研究设计院　中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会

无机盐工业

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：0.489

ISSN：1006-4990

年,卷(期)：2024.56(9)