摘要
随着工业的高速发展,钢铁、石油化工、电子等行业对金属钼的需求量日益增大,钼矿的大规模开采带来了严重的水污染问题.钼污染水体对人类健康和生态系统稳定造成了很大的威胁.在被钼污染的地下水、地表水和含钼废水处理中,经济且高效的混凝处理技术应用最为广泛.在分析钼的水污染现状和治理技术的基础上,全面综述了水处理混凝除钼技术中混凝剂、影响混凝除钼的主要因素、混凝除钼工艺及除钼机制的研究进展.铁盐是除钼应用最为广泛的混凝剂,在优化pH为4.0～5.0时,能够在复杂水基质条件下稳定去除钼污染物.水中碱度、硬度及磷酸盐、有机污染物对除钼的影响应该受到更多关注.多级混凝工艺在实际含钼水处理中效果显著.静电吸附、表面络合与网捕卷扫是混凝除钼的主要机制.此外,进一步对混凝除钼技术的科学研究和工程应用进行了总结和展望,可为钼的水污染控制提供有益参考.
Abstract
With the rapid development of industries,the demand for molybdenum(Mo)in steel,petrochemical engineering,electronics and other industries is increasing day by day,and the large-scale mining of Mo ore has brought serious water pol-lution problems.Mo-polluted water bodies posed a great threat to human health and ecosystem stability.In the treatment of Mo-polluted groundwater,surface water and Mo-containing wastewater,economical and efficient coagulation treatment technology was most widely used.On the basis of analyzing the water pollution status and treatment technology of Mo,the re-search progress of coagulants,main factors,coagulation process and coagulation mechanism for Mo removal were reviewed in this paper.Iron salt was the most widely used coagulant for Mo removal,and Mo contaminants could be removed under complex water matrix conditions within the optimized pH range of 4.0～5.0.The effects of alkalinity,hardness,phosphates,and organic pollutants in water on Mo removal by coagulation should be paied more attention.The multi-stage coagulation process showed remarkable effects in the actual treatment of Mo-containing water.Electrostatic adsorption,surface complex-ation and sweep flocculation were the main mechanism for Mo removal by coagulation.In addition,the scientific research and engineering application of Mo removal by coagulation technology were summarized and prospected,providing useful ref-erences for the water pollution control of Mo.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3204004)
国家自然科学基金项目(22206134)
地下水循环与环境演化教育部重点实验室开放课题基金项目(2022-002)
生态环境部南京环境科学研究所创新团队项目(ZX2023QT017)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据