摘要
中国磷矿资源丰富,但多为中低品位磷矿,需要选矿才能用于化工生产.磷尾矿是磷矿石经选矿产生的磷含量较低的固体废弃物,可以看作中低品位磷尾矿,主要由氧化钙、氧化镁、五氧化二磷、二氧化硅组成,有极大的综合利用潜力.针对磷尾矿的结构、组成成分、物理化学性质综述了磷尾矿综合利用现状及研究进展,详细阐述了磷尾矿在矿区填充、浸取钙镁等有价元素、再选回收磷元素,以及农业、建筑、环保等方面的应用.分析了磷尾矿综合利用过程中面临的问题并对其发展前景进行展望.指出开发新型环保高效的磷尾矿综合利用工艺是磷尾矿利用的发展方向,是磷化工企业和社会的共同需要,符合资源绿色高效利用和可持续发展的基本国策.
Abstract
China is rich in phosphorus ore resources,but most of them are medium and low-grade phosphorus ore,which need to be beneficiated to be used in chemical production.Phosphorus tailings are solid wastes with low phosphorus content produced by beneficiation of phosphorus ore,which can be regarded as low-grade phosphorus tailings,mainly composed of calcium oxide,magnesium oxide,phosphorus pentoxide,silica,and have great potential for comprehensive utilization.In this paper,in view of the structure,composition,and physicochemical properties of phosphorus tailings,the current situation and research progress of the comprehensive utilization of phosphorus tailings were reviewed.The utilization of phosphorus tailings in the filling of the mine,leaching of calcium and magnesium and other valuable elements,re-election and recovery of phosphorus elements,agricultural applications,building applications,environmental protection applications and other as-pects was elaborated in detail.The problems faced in the comprehensive utilization of phosphorus tailings were analyzed and prospects for its development were outlooked.It was pointed out that the development of a new environmentally friendly and efficient comprehensive utilization process of phosphorus tailings was the development direction of phosphorus tailings utili-zation,which was the common need of phosphorus chemical enterprises and society and it was in line with the basic na-tional policy of green and efficient utilization of resources and sustainable development.
基金项目
河南省重点研发专项项目(231111320502)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(22278381)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700902)
郑州大学青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2021ZDGGJS015)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据