摘要
金属硼化物因其具有优异的抗氧化性、高熔点、高硬度、高导热导电率和超导性等特性,在航空航天、超导和电磁波吸收领域有广阔的应用前景.然而,由于传统方法制备的金属硼化物存在颗粒尺寸大、产物纯度低、生产成本高和烧结性差等问题,导致其无法达到理想的应用性能.因此,针对以上问题概述了金属硼化物的结构、性质,详细介绍了金属硼化物不同制备方法的优缺点,综述了近几年国内外金属硼化物在超高温陶瓷、超导和高温吸波领域的研究进展,最后讨论了金属硼化物在超导领域中临界电流密度低、吸波领域中阻抗失配和超高温陶瓷领域中烧结性差、断裂韧性低的问题,并对其未来在粉末制备方法、陶瓷新型成材技术和机器模拟等方向进行了展望.
Abstract
Metal borides have excellent oxidation resistance,high melting point,high hardness,outstanding thermal and electrical conductivity,and superconductivity,whch exhibit vast potential applications in aerospace,superconduction,and electromagnetic wave absorption.However,the metal borides prepared by traditional methods face many problems,such as the large particle size,low product purity,high production cost,and poor sintering property,which leads to the unsatisfac-tory application performance.Therefore,the structure and properties of metal borides were summarized.The advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods of metal borides were introduced in detail.The research progress of metal bo-rides in the fields of ultra-high temperature ceramics,superconductivity and high temperature absorption in recent years was reviewed.Finally,the problems of low critical current density in the field of superconducting field,impedance mismatch in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption,poor sintering property and low fracture toughness in the field of ultra-high temperature ceramics were discussed,and the future development in the directions of preparation methods,new material for-mation technologies,and machine simulation was prospected.
维普
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