摘要
随着新能源汽车规模的持续增长,产生数量极大的富含锂等有价金属的退役动力电池,其回收和资源化利用可以降低固体废物对环境的影响和资源浪费,对能源和环境领域发展具有重要意义.退役动力电池成分复杂,锂资源回收包括拆解、破碎、分选、除杂、元素合成等复杂工艺,回收效率较低.为了退役动力电池的高效回收及实现有价金属锂的高值利用,分别对传统的物理处理、化学处理及新兴的电极材料直接修复技术的研究进展进行了总结.综述了锂元素提取与电池级碳酸锂的制备方法,如重结晶法、苛化法、电化学法和碳化法,并对退役动力电池中锂回收及电池级碳酸锂的制备提出展望.
Abstract
With rapidly growing on renewable energy vehicles,there presents a large amount of spent lithium-ion batteries including valuable lithium metals.Lithium recycles and utilizations from the spent batteries can reduce negative environ-ment effect of solid-waste resources,and thus holding a significant contribution in the development for energy and environ-ment applications.Currently,spent lithium-ion batteries comprise with various complex components.Meanwhile,resource re-covery in lithium includes complex processes(dismantling,crushing,sorting,impurity removal,and element synthesis)with low efficiency.Thus,in order to realize efficient lithium recovery and their high-value utilizations,the research on recovery progress were summarized,involving traditional physical treatment,chemical treatment,and direct repair technology for emerging new electrodes.Furthermore,the key technology related to lithium extraction and the preparation in battery-grade lithium carbonate were reviewed,such as recrystallization,causticization,electrochemistry,and carbonation process.In addi-tion,the prospects and challenges for further development of lithium recovery and battery-grade lithium carbonate were pro-posed.
维普
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