Majorana zero modes(MZMs)obey non-Abelian braiding statistics.The braiding of MZMs can be used to construct the basic unit-topological qubit-of the topological quantum computation,which is immune to environmental noise and can achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation.The existing MZM platforms include hybrid structures such as topological insulator/superconductor,semiconducting nanowire/superconductor and 1d magnetic atomic chain/superconductor,and single materials such as 2M-WS2,4Hb-TaS2,and iron-based superconductors(IBSs).The IBSs have advantages such as easy to fabricate,pure MZMs and high surviving temperatures of MZMs.Recently,a large-scale,ordered and tunable MZM lattice has been observed in LiFeAs,which provides a promising platform to future topological quantum computation.In this paper,first,we review the experimental observations of MZMs in IBSs,focusing on FeTe0.55Se0.45,(Li0.84Fe0.16)OHFeSe,CaKFe4As4 and LiFeAs.Next,we introduce the critical experimental evidences of the MZMs.We also review the recent research work on the ordered and tunable MZM lattice in LiFeAs.Finally,we give conclusion and perspective on future Majorana research.
关键词
铁基超导体/拓扑能带结构/马约拉纳零模
Key words
iron-based superconductor/topological band structure/Majorana zero mode
维普
万方数据