首页|关于多缝衍射中"缺级"表述的分析与讨论

关于多缝衍射中"缺级"表述的分析与讨论

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在大学物理教学中,部分教材与教案为了描述多缝衍射中干涉条纹与衍射条纹的重叠,将干涉极大与衍射极小重合时的现象表述为"缺级",即本应出现的干涉极大在衍射极小的作用下缺失了.然而,干涉极大是否真的缺失了呢?深入的分析与实验表明"缺级"这一表述主要是基于肉眼的观测,是一种不太严格但形象的描述.从更为严谨的角度出发,所谓"缺级"其实是衍射极小对干涉极大的"劈裂",使得原本的干涉极大发生分裂,分裂后的强度变小,宽度变窄,从而在视觉上变得难以察觉.
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ABOUT THE EXPRESSION OF"MISSING ORDERS"IN MULTI-SLIT DIFFRACTION
In the teaching of college physics,some textbooks and lecture describe the overlap-ping of interference fringes and diffraction fringes in multi-slit diffraction by referring to the phenomenon of"missing orders"when the interference maximum coincides with the diffrac-tion minimum.This means that the interference maximum that should appear is missing due to the effect of the diffraction minimum.However,is there really a lack of extreme interven-tion?In-depth analysis and experiments show that the expression"missing order"is mainly based on naked visual observation,which is a less rigorous but vivid description.From a more rigorous point of view,the so-called"missing order"is actually the"splitting"of interference maxima the minimal diffraction,causing the original interference maximum to split,resulting in a decrease in intensity and a narrowing in width,and making it difficult to detect visually.

interference of lightmulti-slit diffractionmissing order

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华中科技大学物理学院,湖北武汉 430074

光的干涉 多缝衍射 缺级

2024

物理与工程
清华大学

物理与工程

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.63
ISSN:1009-7104
年,卷(期):2024.34(1)
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