从库珀对凝聚波函数推广伦敦方程
GENERALIZATION OF LONDONS'EQUATIONS BASED ON THE WAVE-FUNCTION OF THE COOPER'S PAIRS
李志兵1
作者信息
- 1. 中山大学·深圳,理学院,广东 深圳 518107
- 折叠
摘要
伦敦方程是基于实验现象建立的关于超导体的唯像理论.在伦敦唯像理论之后,巴丁、库珀和施里弗建立了关于超导现象的BCS微观理论.BCS 理论认为,在临界温度以下,金属中出现宏观数目的由两个电子构成的准粒子,这些被称为库珀对的准粒子凝聚在同一量子态从而形成超导态.本文基于 BCS 理论的物理图像详细推导伦敦方程,强调密度幅的定域规范不变性,并考虑了库珀对密度依赖于时间和位置的情形.
Abstract
The first phenomenological theory for the superconductivity consists of two Londons'equations.After Londons'theory,Bardeen,Cooper,and Schrieffer set up the mi-croscopic theory(BCS theory)for conventional superconductors.The BCS theory states that,below the critical temperature,electrons of a metal are pairing to form quasi-particles,named as Cooper's pairs.The supperconducting state is the condensate of macroscopic number of Cooper's pairs in a unique quantum state.We give a detail derivation of Londons'equations based on the BCS picture,emphasizing the local gauge invariant and taking the variation of the density of Cooper's pairs into account.
关键词
超导体/伦敦方程/波函数Key words
superconductivity/Londons'theory/wave function引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据