曲面轨道摩擦力做功问题的讨论
DISCUSSION OF THE WORK DONE BY FRICTION FORCE ON CURVED ORBITS
唐瑾怡 1桑芝芳1
作者信息
- 1. 苏州大学物理科学与技术学院,江苏 苏州 215006
- 折叠
摘要
摩擦力做功问题是大学、中学物理教学中常见的问题,也是物理教学的重点和难点.本文推导了物体在任意粗糙曲面轨道上运动的摩擦力做功表达式,并以四分之一圆弧轨道和抛物线型轨道为例,借助 MATLAB软件数值计算,结合图像分析物体下滑过程中速率、支持力、摩擦力做功随角度的变化特点,并讨论动摩擦因数变化对三者的影响,同时计算出使物体恰好静止于上述两种轨道最低点对应的动摩擦因数应满足的条件,以期丰富学生对曲面轨道摩擦力做功问题的认识.
Abstract
The problem of friction work is common in physics teaching in universities and mid-dle schools,and it is also a key and difficult point in physics teaching.This paper derives the expression of the friction work to object on an arbitrary rough curved orbit,and takes quarter arc track and parabolic track as examples,analyzing the characteristics of the velocity,sup-port force,and friction work with angle during the sliding process,discussing the impact of the dynamic friction factor on the three,and calculating dynamic friction factor which makes the object exactly stops at the lowest point of the two tracks above,to enrich students'under-standings.
关键词
摩擦力做功/非光滑曲面/自然坐标系Key words
friction work/rough curved orbit/natural coordinates引用本文复制引用
基金项目
江苏省教育科学"十四五"规划2021年度课题(B/2021/01/39)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据