基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案
Individual health passport storage,sharing and verification scheme based on blockchain
高汉成 1吉浩宇 1高晨昊 1黄海平1
作者信息
- 1. 南京邮电大学计算机学院,江苏 南京 210023;江苏省无线传感网高技术研究重点实验室,江苏 南京 210023
- 折叠
摘要
随着人们对出境需求的增加,个人健康护照成为确认旅行者健康状态、满足入境要求的重要工具.针对个人健康护照全球共享所面临"信息孤岛"、隐私保护和易伪造等难题,提出了一种基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案.方案在采用链上链下协同存储的同时,通过结合可搜索加密和区块链技术,优化了区块链上的存储方式,减少区块链的存储压力,同时实现用户个人数据的可靠存储及安全共享.方案对弱共识机制进行了优化,优化后的算法达成共识只需要2个阶段,从而减小了节点间达成共识的通信复杂度,提高了整个区块链系统的吞吐量.为适应多用户场景,方案引入并改进了聚合签名技术,减轻了签名验证的计算负担,使方案能够快速追溯恶意伪造者.方案给出了全面的安全性分析,证明方案是安全可靠的.最后,仿真实验结果表明,相较于现有方案,在多用户场景下方案的计算开销最高优化了49.89%,通信开销最高优化了25.81%,所提出的共识机制在不同节点数量下效率也有较大的优势.
Abstract
As the demand for international travel escalates,the individual health passport has emerged as an essential instrument for verifying the health status of travelers and fulfilling entry criteria.To tackle the challenges associated with the global sharing of individual health passports,including information fragmentation,privacy concerns,and the risk of counterfeiting,a blockchain-based scheme for the secure storage,sharing,and verification of individual health passports was developed.This scheme employed a hybrid on-chain and off-chain storage methodology and incorporated searchable encryption with blockchain technology.This integration aimed to streamline blockchain storage,alleviating the storage load while guaranteeing the dependable archiving and secure dissemination of user-sensitive data.The scheme also refined the weak consensus mechanism,with an improved algorithm that achieved consensus in merely two stages.This innovation significantly diminished the communication complexity among nodes and amplified the throughput capacity of the blockchain system.To cater to multi-user environments,the scheme introduced and enhanced aggregate signature technology.This enhancement minimized the computational load associated with signature verification and facilitated the swift identification of potential malicious forgers.An exhaustive security analysis was conducted to substantiate the scheme's security and dependability.Subsequent simulation outcomes indicate that,in comparison to existing solutions,the proposed scheme realizes substantial optimizations of up to 49.89%in computational overhead and 25.81%in communication overhead within multi-user contexts.Moreover,the proposed consensus mechanism demonstrates significant efficiency benefits across varying node counts.
关键词
区块链/共识算法/聚合签名/可搜索加密Key words
blockchain/consensus algorithm/aggregate signature/searchable encryption引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(62072252)
江苏省科研与实践创新计划(KYCX22_1016)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据