摘要
目的 分析云南省基诺族居民食物摄入与慢性病的关系.方法 于2020年采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,在云南省基诺族集聚地景洪市抽取12个居(村)民委员会240户家庭392名20～80岁基诺族居民(男性135人,女性257人;20～49岁140人,50～59岁136人,60～80岁116人),采用食物频率法和问卷调查获得基诺族居民过去12个月膳食结构和超重与肥胖、糖尿病与血脂异常的患病情况,采用非条件Logistic回归分析食物摄入与慢性病的关系.结果 2020年云南省景洪市基诺族成年居民超重/肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常检出率分别为38.8％(n=152)、19.1％(n=75)、3.6％(n=14)和 26.3％(n=103).吃过面类及其制品方便面(OR=1.677,95％CI 1.028～2.736)、豆类腐乳(OR=3.056,95％CI 1.853～5.038)、水产品草鱼(OR=2.245,95％CI 1.270～3.971)、小吃/零食花生(OR=1.975,95％CI 1.162～3.355)的20岁及以上基诺族居民较未吃过的更易发生超重与肥胖,吃过小吃/零食面包(OR=0.322,95％CI 0.190～0.545)较未吃过的更不易发生超重/肥胖.吃过其他谷类及制品如荞麦(OR=7.029,95％CI 1.494～33.070)的较未吃过的更易发生糖尿病,吃过甘蓝类蔬菜(如菜花/甘蓝)(OR=0.155,95％CI 0.034～0.708)、仁果类水果(如苹果/梨)(OR=0.227,95％CI0.069～0.743)较未吃过的更不易发生糖尿病.吃过熟制其他畜禽肉类[驴肉/马肉(OR=9.676,95％CI1.418～66.027)]较未吃过的更易发生血脂异常,吃过根块类蔬菜(如萝卜/藕)(OR=0.405,95％CI 0.204～0.803)、动物性食物熟制猪肉(OR=0.482,95％CI 0.263～0.885)、小吃/零食面包(OR=0.590,95％CI 0.357～0.974)和话梅(OR=0.173,95％CI 0.038～0.793)较未吃过的更不易发生血脂异常.结论 景洪市20～80岁基诺族居民超重/肥胖与进食面类及其制品(方便面)、豆类(腐乳)、水产品(草鱼)、小吃/零食(花生)正相关,与进食小吃/零食(面包)负相关;糖尿病与进食其他谷类及制品呈正相关,与进食甘蓝类蔬菜、仁果类水果负相关;血脂异常与进食熟制(其他畜禽肉类)正相关,与进食根块类蔬菜、动物性食物(熟制猪肉)、小吃/零食(面包和话梅)负相关.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between food intake and chronic diseases of Jinuo Minority residents living in Yunnan Province.METHODS A total of 392 Jinuo Minority residents 20-80-year-old among 304 families(male 135,female 257;aged 20-49 years old 140,aged 50-59 years old 136,aged 60-80 years old 116)in Jinghong District in Yunnan Province were selected with stratified multistage cluster sampling method.To apply the method of food frequency questionnaire and questionnaire survey obtain the condition of dietary structure and overweight or obesity,diabetes and dyslipidemia among Jinuo Minority in the past 12 months.Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze the correlation between food intake and chronic diseases.RESULTS In 2020,the prevalence of overweight/obesity,hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemias among Jinuo adults in Jinghong District were 38.8％(n=152),19.1％(n=75),3.6％(n=14)and 26.3％(n=103).Jinuo residents aged 20 and above who have consumed noodle and instant noodle(OR=1.677,95％CI 1.028-2.736),fermented soybean curd(OR=3.056,95％CI 1.853-5.038),grass carp(OR=2.245,95％CI 1.270-3.971),ethnic food/peanut(OR=1.975,95％CI 1.162-3.355)were more likely to experience overweight/obesity compared to those who did not consume them.On the other hand,individuals who consumed snacks/bread(OR=0.322,95％CI 0.190-0.545)were less likely to develop overweight/obesity compared to those who did not consume them.Jinuo residents aged 20 and above who have consumed other cereals and cereals products,such as buckwheat(OR=7.029,95％CI 1.494-33.070),were more likely to develop diabetes than those who did not consume them.And those who have eaten cabbage vegetables(such as cauliflower/cabbage)(OR=0.155,95％CI 0.034-0.708),and kernel fruits(such as apple/pear)(OR=0.227,95％CI 0.069-0.743)were less likely to develop diabetes than those who did not consume them.Adults who consumed cooked meat and other livestock and poultry,such as donkey/horse meat(OR=9.676,95％CI 1.418-66.027),were more likely to cause dyslipidemias compared to did not consume them.Conversely,individuals who consumed root vegetables(such as radish/lotus root)(OR=0.405,95％CI 0.204-0.803),cooked pork from animal foods(OR=0.482,95％CI 0.263-0.885),snacks/snack bread(OR=0.590,95％CI 0.357-0.974)and plum blossom(OR=0.173,95％CI 0.038-0.793)were less likely to develop dyslipidemia than those who did not consume them.CONCLUSION In Jinghong District,the overweight/obesity of Jinuo adults aged 20-80 was positively correlated to the consumption of noodles and instant noodles,fermented bean curd,grass carp,and ethnic food/peanut.And there was a negative correlation with the consumption of snacks/bread.Regarding diabetes,a positive correlation was observed with the consumption of other grains and products,while negative correlations were found with the consumption of cabbage vegetables and kernel fruits.For dyslipidemias,there was a positive correlation with the consumption of cooked meat and other livestock and poultry,and negative correlations were identified with the consumption of root vegetables,cooked pork from animal foods,snacks/snack bread,and prunes.
基金项目
中国营养学会-营养科普与传播研究基金(CNS-SCP2020-161)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据