Excavation of Accompanying Burial Pit No.3(QLCM1P3)of Tomb No.1 in Area C of Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum
A row of nine large and medium-sized accompanying tombs belonging to Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum were found on the west side of the outer city of the Mausoleum(Area C).From 2013 to 2024,the Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum excavated the"中"-shaped tomb No.1,also found three vertical shaft wooden-chambered accompanying pits on the west side of the south tomb passage and the east side of the north tomb passage,among which pit No.3 is the largest and with the most profound connotation.The wooden chamber in the pit was built with the top and side panels but no bottom panel.The five chariots buried in the pit,from north to south,are one with single draught pole(zhou)drawn by two horses,one with double shafts(yuan)drawn by five horses,one with single draught pole drawn by two horses,one with single draught pole drawn by four horses,and one with single draught pole drawn by six sheep.The single draught pole chariot drawn by two horses on the northernmost leads this chariot group;around it also found remains of primates and birds.The chariots with double shafts drawn by five horses and single draught pole drawn by six sheep were discovered for the first time.The excavation enriches materials of the Qin's chariot system and also provides new data for studying the development of the chariot system as well as the burial system of chariots and horses in ancient China.
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