Bird excrement is one of the main factors causing the pollution of wall paintings and painted sculptures in grotto temples.Scientific analysis of the characteristics of damage of bird excrement to wall paintings is the premise of effective removal of such pollutants.In this study,Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)were used to analyze the composition of the Columba rupestris excrement on the surface of the wall paintings at Binglingsi Grottoes.Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS),electronic digital microscopy and polarized light microscopy(PLM)were used to characterize the microscopic damage characteristics of bird excrement on the simulated wall paintings.The results show that the excrement of Columba rupestris was mainly composed of uric acid,cellulose,polypeptide organic matter,and inorganic salts(mainly quartz).The excrement caused the cover pollution of wall paintings,erosion of the pigment layer and ground layer,and destruction of the original adhesion structure between pigment particles,resulting in the peeling and shedding of the pigment layer,soluble salt activity and other biological erosion.The research results have guiding significance for the scientific protection and restoration of ancient wall paintings.
关键词
古代壁画/岩鸽排泄物/排泄物成分及危害/损害特征
Key words
Ancient wall paintings/Columba rupestris excrement/Composition and harm of excrement/Damage characteristic
维普
万方数据