In order to reveal the process of lacquering a Guqin(Chinese zither)and to understand the characteristics of its production,several analytical tools(optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry,micro-Raman spectrometry and infrared microscopy)were used to observe,detect and analyze the surface,bottom and cross section of the lacquer film fragments encountered during the restoration of Gong Chengjun's Zhongni-style Guqin.The results show that the lacquer film of the Guqin included a lacquer layer,a lacquer ash layer and a wrapping layer.Abundant materials were used for the lacquer film,which was very thick.The upper part of the lacquer layer was black and the lower one red,the colorant was vermilion and the film forming components of both were lacquer.The lacquer ash layer included the bottom,middle and the surface ash parts.There was little difference in particle size between the bottom and middle ones,and the surface one was the finest.Furthermore,the surface of each part of the ash layer was not polished after lacquering.The bottom ash part was composed of copper alloy,Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum,anhydrite and lacquer.The middle ash part was composed of Cornu Cervi Degelatinatum,anhydrite,lacquer and nearly ellipsoidal particles.These particles,a mixture of silicon dioxide,iron oxide and a very small amount of anatase titanium dioxide,were prepared in advance and then used for the production of the middle ash layer.The surface ash layer was composed of anhydrite and lacquer.The process of making the wrapping layer was to paint a mixture of anhydrite and lacquer,then lay the cloth,and finally paint a mixture of anhydrite and lacquer again.The fabric used in the wrapping layer may be ko-hemp cloth.Dry oil was added into all the lacquer which was used in the Guqin.Based on a comprehensive analysis of the results,the layered structure,material composition and lacquering process characteristics of the lacquer film of the Guqin were understood.It is speculated that the sound of the Guqin is suppressed and short,that the tone is fine and tight,and that the Guqin was restored during the period of the Republic of China.
关键词
古琴/漆膜/髹漆工艺/检测分析
Key words
Guqin/Lacquer film/Lacquering technique/Detection and analysis
维普
万方数据