摘要
本研究使用手术显微镜观察、红外照相、大幅面X射线荧光扫描成像等多种面检测技术,结合拉曼光谱仪光纤探头和光纤光谱仪点测试的方法,对清代宫廷画师郎世宁(Giuseppe Castiglione)卷轴画《松鹤回春图轴》进行原位无损检测.检测结果表明:该画在绘制时所用颜料为炭黑、赭石、铅白、朱砂、孔雀石等;在调色方法方面,绘制深色轮廓线或大树等景色时将炭黑和赭石两种颜料混合使用,并沿用了西方绘画中使用铅白进行打底,然后使用其他颜料进行二次上色的绘画方法;在绘画技法方面,使用同一色系的不同颜料、更改同一色系颜料的配比、运用不同的绘画方法来凸显绘画效果的立体感等.多种面检测技术和点测试原位无损方法的联合使用,可以实现对中国传统卷轴画所用颜料种类、调配方法、绘画技法等信息的科学研究,为艺术、历史、考古学的研究提供数据支持,对于作品的价值揭示具有重要的参考意义.
Abstract
In this study,scientific methods,including surgical microscopy,infrared photography,and macroscopic X-ray fluorescence(MA-XRF)scanning imaging for multiple surface scans,in combination with a Raman spectrometric fiber optic probe and the fiber optic reflectance spectrometer point testing method were used to test the painting of Pines and Cranes Rejuvenation Scroll by Giuseppe Castiglione,a famous Qing court painter.The results show that 1)the pigments used for the painting included carbon black,ochre,lead white,cinnabar,malachite and others;2)in terms of toning,carbon black and ochre were mixed for drawing brunet contour lines and trees,and a Western painting tradition—the use of lead white for the base before the application of carbon black,malachite,cinnabar and other pigments for superficial color drawing of the main scene in a painting—was followed;3)in terms of drawing techniques,the stereoscopic effect of painting was highlighted by the use of different pigments from the same color system,alteration of the ratio between pigments from the same color system,and application of different drawing methods.The combined use of multiple surface detection methods and point detection methods demonstrates the utility of using scientific research to obtain information about traditional Chinese scroll paintings,such as pigment types,toning methods,and drawing techniques.The analytical results are of great significance for revealing the value of works.
维普
万方数据