针对无人机分簇自组网中存在相邻簇因使用同一频段且覆盖范围重叠,从而引发数据包丢失并增加数据传输排队时延的问题,提出了一种低冲突的无人机自组网介质访问控制(A Low-conflict Hybrid Medium Access Control Protocol for UAV Networks,LH-MAC)协议.该协议设计了干扰感知频段分配机制,在组网阶段通过节点泛听收集到的同频干扰信息,利用图着色理论,为潜在干扰的相邻簇分配独立频段;设计了感知信道的切频机制,在数据传输阶段通过适时切频减少簇间的干扰;设计了基于时帧调整的冲突减少机制,针对节点移动的特性,动态地调整时帧结构,减少了节点运行状态中簇间干扰.通过使用 OPNET Modeler 14.5 软件仿真模拟,验证了 LH-MAC协议相较于现有介质访问控制(Medium Access Control,MAC)协议在降低丢包率和排队时延的同时,能够提高网络吞吐量.仿真结果表明,该协议可以有效提升无人机分簇自组网的网络性能,展现出良好的适用性.
Abstract
In UAV clustering Ad-Hoc networks,overlapping coverage areas between adjacent clusters using the same frequency band can lead to packet loss and increased queuing delays during data transmission.To address this issue,A Low-conflict Hybrid Medium Access Control Protocol for UAV Ad-Hoc Networks(LH-MAC)is proposed.The protocol incorporates an interference-aware frequency allocation mechanism,which,during the network formation phase,leverages co-frequency interference information collected through node extensive listening and applies graph coloring theory to assign independent frequency bands to potentially interfering adjacent clusters.Additionally,it features a frequency-switching mechanism based on channel sensing,reducing inter-cluster interference during data transmission by dynamically switching frequencies.Furthermore,a conflict reduction mechanism based on time frame adjustments is designed to accommodate node mobility,dynamically adjusting the time frame structure to mitigate inter-cluster interference during node operation.Simulation results using OPNET Modeler 14.5 software demonstrate that compared to existing Medium Access Control(MAC)protocols,the LH-MAC protocol effectively reduces packet loss and average queuing delays while enhancing network throughput.The simulation results show that the proposed protocol can improve the network performance of UAV clustering ad hoc networks,exhibiting strong applicability.
维普
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