In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of industrial robots in assembly operations,a monocular vision positio-ning system based on camera pose estimation algorithm is constructed by combining soft assignment algorithm,and simulation verification is conducted.The experimental results show that the lowest success rate is 92.5%in the experiment on the influ-ence of parameters on success rate,and the highest success rate is 97.5%in the experiment on the influence of image noise on success rate.The maximum position estimation error does not exceed 4 mm,and the maximum error of rotation is 7° when the number of pseudo-feature points is maximum.