Homeobox genes(Hox)are a highly conserved group of transcription factors that play an important role in animal development regulation.In insects,Hox is involved in regulating body plan development and morphological diversity.Understanding how Hox governs the development and morphology of insect appendages has garnered increasing attention in the fields of evolutionary and developmental biology.Many studies have been conducted on Hox genes,primarily focusing on insect models.This review briefly introduces Hox genes,their evolution,insect development regulation,and their regulation of expression.These aspects will serve as important references for studying the development of diverse morphological traits and their regulatory mechanisms.We suggest that future studies focus more on Hox regulation during the evolution and development of morphological novelties in non-model insects.
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