摘要
"有+vp"形式在现代汉语中的使用日渐频繁,其中尤以"有2+vp"频率的提升引人关注.与以往研究不同的是,本文不仅从历时层面来看"有2+vp"的演化过程,更是从多维真值视角来考察"有2+vp"的主观化进程.经研究发现,"有2+vp"形式在现代汉语中复现以后,依次应用于话语的答句、问句以及陈述句之中,并分别产生焦点标记、倾向表述和存在强调的主观性含义.其主观化的实现机制包括系统缺位、构造类推、形式冗余、真值转移4个环节,在此过程中缺位的表达真值与类推产生的形式重新组合,完成语义从描述维度向表达维度的发展,其本质为形式与意义的再平衡.
Abstract
The use of the"you+vp"form in modem Chinese is becoming increasingly frequent,with the increasing frequency of"you2+vp"being particularly noteworthy.Unlike previous studies,this article not only examines the evolutionary process of"you2+vp"from a historical perspective,but also analyzes the subjective process of"you2+vp"from a multidimensional truth perspective.Through research,it has been found that the term"you2+vp"in ancient Chinese first appeared in the pre Qin period,with a rela-tively simple and infrequent usage at the beginning.The usage gradually became more abundant in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,and after the Song Dynasty,the dynamic particle"le"gradually formed,occupying the living space of"you2+vp".The latter eventual-ly withdrew from the historical stage around the Yuan Dynasty.After being reproduced in modern Chinese,the"you2+vp"form is sequentially applied to answer sentences,question sentences,and declarative sentences in discourse,resulting in subjective mea-nings of focus markers,tendency expressions,and emphasis on existence.The formation process of the above subjective meanings shows a high degree of consistency,and it can be concluded that the subjective implementation mechanism includes four stages:system absence,construction analogy,formal redundancy,and truth transfer.In this process,the missing expression truth is re-combined with the form generated by analogy,completing the development of semantics from the descriptive dimension to the ex-pressive dimension.The essence of this process is the rebalancing of form and meaning.
基金项目
浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(24NDJC130YB)
教育部中外语言交流合作中心2023年国际中文教育研究课题(23YH45C)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据