针对目前河流健康相关综述研究趋势分析浅显、内容不全面的问题,本文在对CNKI和Web of Science数据库中河流健康相关文献的统计与分析的基础上,对国内外研究趋势进行了梳理,对水质、水文、生境和生物等模块与指标、权重确定方法和评价模型等进行了归纳和对比分析.结果表明:①1998-2010 年发达国家是文献的主要增长力量,而 2010-2022 年文献的增长则主要来自发展中国家的贡献;基于CiteSpace的国内研究热点分析表明当前研究聚焦于评价与保障河流生态和社会功能.②水质评价已较成熟,但缺乏对药物、微塑料等新兴污染物的评价;水文评价常用水文学法确定生态流量,对生态环境的具体需要有所忽略,天然径流量也缺乏统一的计算方法;生境评价研究有从实地考察转向以遥感监测为主的趋势;生物评价已成为河流健康评价最重要的手段,eDNA等技术的应用使实时生物数据监测成为可能.③指标赋权轻视主观赋值,不利于明确评价的重点;评价模型缺乏有效性对比与障碍因子识别研究.针对研究存在的不足,对未来的研究方向进行了展望,包括科学界定指标的阈值、明晰河流健康的敏感因子与驱动因素、开展河流分级分类研究和与流域高质量发展的耦合研究等四个方面.
Progress and prospect of research on river ecological health assessment based on bibliometric and visual analysis
In response to the issue of superficial trend analysis and incomplete content in current literature reviews on river health,and based on the statistics and analysis of the publications on river health from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science,the research trends at home and abroad are sorted out.The water quality,hydrology,habitat and bi-ological indicators,weight determination methods and evaluation models are summarized and compared.Conclusions are as follows:①The research trend is divided into two stages,with de-veloped countries as the main growth force of literature in 1998-2010 and developing countries as the main growth force of literature in 2010-2022.Keyword cluster analysis based on CiteSpace shows that domestic research hotspots of river health focus mainly on evaluation and protection of river ecological and social functions.②Water quality assessment has been relatively mature,but there is no assessment on emerging pollutants such as antibiotics and microplastics.In the hydro-logical evaluation,the hydrological method is often used to determine the ecological flow,but the specific needs of the ecological environment are ignored,and the natural runoff also lacks a uni-fied calculation method.There is a trend of habitat assessment from field investigation to remote sensing monitoring.Biological assessment has become the most important means for river health assessment,and the application of eDNA technology makes real-time biological data monitoring possible.③The neglect of subjective valuation in index weighting hinders the clear identification of key evaluation criteria.The evaluation model is lack of effectiveness comparative study and ob-stacle factor identification research.The future research directions are prospected in view of the existing deficiencies in the research,including scientifically defining the threshold of indicators,clarifying the sensitive and driving factors of river health,carrying out river classification research and coupling research with high-quality development of the basin.
river ecological healthbibliometricsevaluation indexevaluation modelhigh-quali-ty development
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
