[目的]探究木香花(Rosa banksiae Ait。var。banksiae)挥发性成分释放规律，为其花香调控奠定理论基础。[方法]以花蕾期、半开期、盛花期和末花期木香花花朵以及盛花期木香花的雌蕊、雄蕊、花瓣和萼片为试验材料，采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)、正交偏最小二乘判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis，OPLS-DA)和聚类热图分析木香花不同花期和盛花期花器官挥发性成分及其差异。[结果]不同花期的木香花中共检出78种挥发性成分，包含烯烃类、醛类、醇类、酸类、酮类等。从花蕾期、半开期、盛花期、末花期的木香花中分别检出39，41，45和41种挥发性成分，共有成分有20种;不同花期木香花的挥发性成分组成不同，花蕾期、盛花期和末花期相对含量最高的挥发性成分均为β-蒎烯，其相对含量分别为26。20％，16。85％和21。24％;Z-5-十九烯在半开期相对含量最高，为23。03％。不同花期的木香花中有38种差异挥发性成分，其中半开期、盛花期和花蕾期挥发性成分相近，均与末花期挥发性成分差异较大。从盛花期木香花的雌蕊、雄蕊、花瓣、萼片中分别检出27，30，28和27种挥发性成分，其中烯烃类物质在雌蕊、雄蕊、花瓣中相对含量最高，萼片中酯类物质相对含量最高。雌蕊与萼片中挥发性成分差异较大，花瓣与雄蕊中挥发性成分差异较小。β-蒎烯、甲酸芳樟醇、5-十九烯-1-醇、Z-5-十九烯、正十九烷、2-甲氧基-3-(2-丙烯基)苯酚、β-罗勒烯、乙酸苄酯和正辛醛是不同花器官中主要差异性挥发成分，同时β-蒎烯相对含量较高的雌蕊和β-罗勒烯、甲酸芳樟醇、正辛醛相对含量较高的萼片是木香花释放香气的主要部位。[结论]木香花花香主要来自其雌蕊和萼片中的挥发性化合物，这些挥发性成分在末花期变化较大。
Volatile components from flowers at different periods and from floral organs at full flowering period of Rosa banksiae Ait.var.banksiae
[Objective]This study investigated the release pattern of volatile components from Rosa banksiae Ait.var.banksiae to lay foundations for its regulating floral fragrance.[Method]Volatile com-ponents from flowers at bud period,half-open period,full flowering period,final flowering period as well as pistils,stamens,petals and sepals of flowers at full flowering period of R.banksiae Ait.var.banksiae were measured and analyzed by GC-MS combined with cluster heatmap and OPLS-DA.[Result]A total of 78 volatile components(including alkenes,aldehydes,alcohols,acids abd ketones)were detected at different flowering periods.There were 39,41,45 and 41 volatile components at bud,half-open,full flowering and fi-nal flowering periods,respectively,including 20 common components.The composition of volatile compo-nents was different at various flowering periods.The most abundant volatile component was β-Pinene at bud period,full flowering period and final flowering period with relative contents of 26.20％,16.85％and 21.24％,respectively.Z-5-nondecadene had the highest relative content of 23.03％at half-open period.There were 38 major volatile components at different flowering periods.Compared to the final flowering period,volatile compositions at bud period,half-open period and full flowering periods were similar to each other.A total of 27,30,28 and 27 volatile components were detected in pistil,stamen,petal and sepal at full flowering period,respectively.Alkenes had the highest relative contents in pistil,stamen and petal,while ester had the highest content in sepal.There were large differences in volatile components between pistil and sepal,and small differences between petal and stamen.β-Pinene,linolool formate,5-Nonadecen-1-ol,Z-5-Nonadecene,nonadecane,2-methoxy-3-(2-propenyl)-phenol,β-Ocimene,acetic acid phenylmethyl ester and octanal were main differential substances in various flower organs.Pistil with high β-Pinene content and sepal with high β-Ocimene,linolool formate and n-octanal contents were main parts of fragrance relea-sing.[Conclusion]The floral fragrance of R.banksiae Ait.var.banksiae was mainly from the volatile compounds in pistil and sepal,which changed significantly at the final flowering period.
Rosa banksiae Ait.var.banksiaeGC-MSvolatile componentfloral fragrance
万方数据
维普
