Ethical Conflicts and Their Responses to China's Low Fertility Crisis
Low fertility is a serious problem facing population development in contemporary China,and an important constraint in promoting the moderate fertility level and long-term balanced population development.Based on the theo-ries and methods of population ethics,the article makes a systematic research on the ethical conflicts implied in China's low fertility crisis,the ethical reasons that triggered China's low fertility,and the ethical construction of population re-sponsibility to cope with China's low fertility crisis.The article argues that the ethical conflicts implicit in China's low fertility crisis are mainly manifested in three aspects:the contradictions and conflicts between individual reproductive values and the national reproductive policy,the contradictions and conflicts between women's family caregiving and employment and career development,and the contradictions and conflicts between family childbearing and the distribu-tion of resources for old-age care.The ethical reasons for China's low fertility rate are mainly manifested in the follow-ing:late marriage and late childbearing driven by policy inertia and the solidification of the concept of"only one child is good"have reduced people's willingness to have children.The"dual role"of women's improved status and employ-ment rate has squeezed women's desire to have children,and the family's function of raising young children and provid-ing for the elderly has been weakened,which has reduced the intrinsic motivation for childbearing.The response strate-gy to China's low fertility crisis requires a multi-pronged approach,especially strengthening the construction of popu-lation responsibility ethics in the new era:The first is to reshape the ethics of responsibility for marriage and childbear-ing among young people and improve people's understanding of the value and significance of marriage and childbear-ing;The second is to reconstruct the ethics of family reproductive responsibility and advocate and encourage family members to share the responsibilities of reproduction,parenting,and education;The third is to rebuild the responsibili-ty ethics of caring for women,with respect for women and caring for women as the value orientation,with the goal of re-specting women's reproductive rights and protecting women's economic rights,and strive to create a social and cultur-al atmosphere that respects women's moral personality and reproductive rights.
Low Fertility RateMarriage and Parenthood EthicsFamily EthicsEthical ConflictsCaring for Women
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