Spatial Mobility of Demographic Dividend and Its Economic Effects in China
The demographic dividend represents the advantageous population structure which can provide additional benefits for economic growth during the transformation of the type of population reproduction.With the spatial transfer-ring of the working-age population,a spatial flow of demographic dividend will be formed accordingly.Due to the funda-mental national condition of long-term regional development imbalance in China,the spatial mobility of demographic dividend has generated different regional economic effects.Combining relevant theories of the demographic dividend,this paper systematically examines and analyses the spatial mobility of demographic dividend and its economic effects.Through an empirical research on the economic growth contribution of the demographic dividend in East,Central,and West China,and the variations in their changes,it proves that under the background of the demographic dividend wan-ing,there is a flow of demographic dividend from economically underdeveloped areas to economically developed regions delayed the transformation of demographic dividend to population liability in eastern China,and the opportunity window for demographic dividend in eastern China closed later than that in central and western regions.The spatial compensa-tion for the demographic dividend is realized,and the comprehensive economic effectiveness of the dividend population is maximized.In the eastern region,the substitution process of demographic quality dividend for the demographic quan-tity dividend remains at a leading level compared to the central and western regions.Meanwhile,this paper also notes that the demographic dividend absorbed by the eastern region is a loss for the central and western regions,causing the demographic dividend in the central and western regions to be crowded out and widening the economic development gap among different regions as well.Based on this reality and adhering to a development concept that combines efficien-cy and fairness,this paper believes that it is necessary to strengthen the construction of major function-oriented zone,improve cross-regional compensation mechanisms,and promote the equalization of basic public services to achieve re-gional harmonious development and sustainable development.
The Flow of Demographic DividendWindow of OpportunityRegional Harmonious Development
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