The Impact of Gender Role Attitudes on Fertility Intentions Following the Implementation of the Universal Two-Child Policy
Population is a crucial factor influencing social development.Since the implementation of the comprehen-sive the universal two-child policy in 2016,China's natural population growth rate has been declining.Against this backdrop,this paper examines the impact of gender role attitudes on fertility intentions among people of childbearing age after 2016,utilizing data from the CGSS for the years 2017,2018,and 2021.In addition to the baseline regression,this study also explores the moderating effect of the relative income level of couples and the varying impacts of gender role attitudes on fertility intentions across different groups.The findings indicate that more egalitarian gender role atti-tudes significantly reduces the fertility intentions and desires for additional children among people of childbearing age.Moreover,the negative impact on the intention to have a third child is greater than that on the intention to have a second child.Marginal effects analysis indicates that gender role attitudes tending toward equality increases the likelihood of being unwilling to have children or only wanting one child,while decreasing the likelihood of wanting two or more chil-dren.The moderating effect of the relative income level of couples is significant;specifically,a family income pattern of"strong men and weak women"exacerbates the negative impact of egalitarian gender role attitudes on fertility intentions and the willingness to have another child.Furthermore,the gender role attitudes of men,rural residents,and those born in the 1990s have a greater impact on fertility intentions,and that the influence of gender role attitudes on childbearing intentions varies in an inverted U-shape,an inverted U-shape,and a U-shape,respectively,as the level of education,economic status of the family,and social class identification increase.Finally,in light of the current objective reality that gender role attitudes trending towards equality significantly inhibit the fertility intentions of people of childbearing age in China,the article proposes policy recommendations to enhance the fertility intentions of people of childbearing age for reference.
Gender Role AttitudesFertility IntentionsRelative Income Level of CouplesPopulation of Childbearing Age
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
