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城市洪涝灾害预警预报及应急响应平台构建

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随着城市防涝和安全治理要求的提升,洪涝风险管理日趋精细化,要求城市在面对突发洪涝事件时能快速响应,而现有的城市洪涝管理系统的信息化和智能化对洪涝灾害防御的支撑力度不够,进一步影响防汛响应工作效率.因此,基于数字孪生、智能模型、物联网、大数据等技术,将"监测感知-模型计算-风险评估-预警匹配-洪涝推演-预案管理-响应调度"为核心技术路线,构建面向数字孪生"四预"的城市洪涝灾害预报预警及应急管理平台.应用结果表明:洪涝预报效率在不同工况下可提速23.88~158.72 倍、计算精度提高 9.56~19.55 倍;提出了"降雨预报+洪涝预警+洪涝演进+调度预案"的全链条智能化城市防洪安全保障体系,洪涝预报及调度响应效率提升400 倍,实现了精准预测,提升了调度指挥能力,降低洪涝灾害带来的损失.
Construction of an Urban Flood Warning,Forecasting and Emergency Response Platform
With the improvement of urban flood prevention and safety management requirements,flood risk management is becoming more and more refined,requiring city administration to respond quickly in case of sudden flood events.However,the informatization and intelligence of the existing urban flood management system do not provide enough support for flood disaster prevention,further affecting the efficiency of flood pre-vention response.Therefore,based on digital twin,intelligent models,the Internet of Things,big data and other technologies,the core technical route of"monitoring perception-model calculation-risk assessment-warning matching-flood simulation-plan management-response dispatching"is used to build an urban flood forecast,warning and emergency management platform for the digital twin oriented"Four Forecasts".The application results show that the flood forecasting efficiency can be increased by 23.88~158.72 times and the calculation accuracy can be improved by 9.56~19.55 times under different working conditions;a full-chain intelligent urban flood control safety guarantee system of"rainfall forecast+flood warning+flood evolution+dispatch plan"is proposed,and the flood forecast and dispatch response efficiency is increased by 400 times,achie-ving accurate prediction,improving dispatching and command capabilities,and reducing the losses caused by flood disasters.

flood riskEarly warning,forecasting,contingency plans,rehearsalsDigital twin

王洁瑜、郭园、刘园、候精明、张群、杨炘

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中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安 710065

西安理工大学 省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安 710048

洪涝风险 预警 预报 数字孪生

国家自然科学基金项目国家自然科学基金项目中国电力建设股份有限公司科技项目

5207910652009104KJ-2022-072

2024

西北水电
西北勘测设计研究院

西北水电

影响因子:0.388
ISSN:1006-2610
年,卷(期):2024.(3)