摘要
汉长安城是中国历史乃至世界史上著名的大都市,其营造既是结合实际地理状况"因天才,就地利"的典型,又体现了传统的"天人合一"观念.汉长安城的整体布局参照北斗星和南斗星的星象,用以彰显君主的权威.城中主要宫殿未央宫对应象征天帝居所的紫微垣,立于宫殿前的"阙"则象征天、地、人的统一,同时显示出君主与万民的身份之别.此外,长安城中社稷、郊庙、明堂、辟雍等礼制建筑的位置和形制体现出天地、阴阳、四时、五行的和谐,这一设计理念对中国历史上的都城营建产生了深远影响.
Abstract
Chang'an City in the Han Dynasty was a famous metropolis in Chinese and even in world history,and its construction was not only a typical example of"taking advantage of natural terrain and geographical conditions",but also embodied the traditional concept of"man-nature harmony".The overall layout of Chang'an City in the Han Dynasty referred to the constellations of the Big Dipper and the Southern Dipper to demonstrate the authority of the emperor.The Weiyang Palace,the main palace in the city,corresponded to the Purple Forbidden Enclosure symbolizing the residence of the emperor of heaven,and the Que standing in front of the palace symbolized the unity of heaven,earth and man,and at the same time showed the difference in status between the emperor and the common people.In addition,the locations and forms of the ritual buildings in Chang'an city,such as the She Ji,the Jiao Temple and the Ming Tang,also reflected the harmony of heaven and earth,yin and yang,the four seasons and the five elements.This design concept had a profound impact on the con-struction of capitals in Chinese history.
维普
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